Pitmans Commercial Spanish Grammar | Page 8

Tuviste
Hubo Tuvo
Hubimos Tuvimos
Hubisteis Tuvisteis
Hubieron Tuvieron

VOCABULARY.
=alli=, there
=aqui=, here
=buscar=[26], to look for
=caballo=,
horse
=caja=, box, case
=el capital=, the capital, money
=la
capital=, the capital, town
=comprender=, to understand

=copiador=, copybook
=creer=, to believe, to think
=dependiente=,
clerk
=factura=, invoice
=fardo=, bale
=Frances=, Frenchman

=girar=, to draw, (a bill of exchange)
=el idioma=, the language

=Ingles=, Englishman
=inteligencia=, intelligence
=mal=, badly

=muselina=, muslin
=nunca=, never
=pais=, country
=pequeno=,
little (adj.)
=poco=, little (adv._ and _subs.)
=el porta-ramillete= or
=florero=, the flower-stand
=?quien?= who? whom?
=seda=, silk

=socio=, partner
=solamente=, only
=solo=, (adv.) only
=el tema=,
the exercise
[Footnote 26: Changes c_ into _qu_ before _e; otherwise regular.]
EXERCISE 1 (5).
Translate into English--
0. ?Comprende V. el espanol?
0. No, Senor, estudio el portugues y mi hermano comprende el espanol
perfectamente (perfectly).
0. ?Quien escribe cartas?
0. Los comerciantes escriben cartas y sus dependientes escriben las
facturas y algunas cosas mas.
0. Mi socio ha girado una letra (bill) desde (from) Viena (Vienna.)
0. Paris, Berlin, Roma, y Petrograd son las capitales de Francia,
Alemania, Italia y Rusia.
0. ?Como se llaman (what are the names of) las capitales de Espana y
Portugal? Madrid y Lisboa.
0. ?Ha estado (been) V. en Holanda?
0. No Senor, nunca he estado en aquel pais.
0. En este tema hay palabras que no se dan (are not given) en el

vocabulario.
0. ?Cuales (which) son? Holanda, Portugal etcetera.
0. Estas se dejan (are left) a la inteligencia de Vs.
0. ?No creen Vs. que son muy faciles de comprender? (to understand).
0. Si, Senor, V. tiene razon[27] (you are right).
0. Entonces, debemos (we must) continuar la leccion.
0. Muy bien.
0. Debemos leer buenos libros y hablar en el idioma que estudiamos.
[27] Lit. "you have reason."
EXERCISE 2 (6).
Translate into Spanish--
0. Do you study German?
0. We study French and Italian, but my cousin studies English.
0. Does he understand English?
0. He understands English perfectly (perfectamente), but he speaks
Spanish badly.
0. Does your sister speak Italian?
0. No, she speaks only English.
0. What does the Englishman buy?
0. He buys a horse from the (al)[28] Frenchman.
0. My cousin sold (past. def.) his horse to Peter (Pedro).
0. John looks for his book and his paper.
0. The copy book is (esta) on the table.
0. Henry (Enrique) must (debe) copy some letters.
0. Who copies the letters here?
0. Peter copies them (las copia).[29]
0. Has Henry much paper?
0. Yes, he has much paper but little ink.
0. The roses and violets are in the flower-stand.
0. The merchant has received (recibido) four bales of silk handkerchiefs
(panuelo) and three cases of prints and muslins.
[Footnote 28: "To buy from" is translated by "Comprar a."]
[Footnote 29: The object pronoun precedes the verb in the indicative
mood.]

LESSON IV.
(Leccion cuarta.)

THE ADJECTIVE.

The Adjective in Spanish agrees with the noun it qualifies, in gender
and number, as--
El periodico italiano: The Italian newspaper.
La prensa americana:
The American press.
It generally follows the nouns as in the above examples, although
exceptions will be found, e.g., when the adjective recalls to our mind a
quality which is already known to belong to it, it generally precedes the
noun, as--
He visto sus hermosas flores: I have seen his beautiful flowers.[30]
Adjectives form their plural in the same way as nouns.
[Footnote 30: His flowers are known (or supposed) to be beautiful,
before we say it.]
=Formation of the Feminine of Adjectives=.
Adjectives ending in O_ change _O into =A=, as--
El sombrero blanco: The white hat.
La casaca blanca: The white coat.
Adjectives of NATIONALITY which end in a consonant add =A= to
form the feminine, as--
El sastre frances: The French tailor.
La