Woodwork Joints | Page 5

required on
the face side (Fig. 28, 6). Its use is obvious if the face of the frame be
moulded with beads or other sections which require to intersect one
with the other. This also applies if the frame be moulded on its face
edges.
Fig. 35 is a halved joint with one side of the piece dovetailed (Fig. 28,
8). This joint is used in similar positions to Fig. 33, and rather less
labour is required in the making. The two pieces are shown separate for
clearness.
Fig. 36 indicates the "Halved Joint," the pieces at one end showing a
double dovetail (Fig. 28, 7). This particular joint is seldom used except
for Manual Training purposes. The illustration shows a sketch of the
joint apart.
Fig. 37 is "Oblique Dovetail Halving," one side of the piece being
dovetailed. The joint is used to prevent "racking," and as a cross brace
to framing. It is occasionally made with both its sides dovetailed as
shown at Fig. 33. (For reference, see Fig. 28, 9.)
[Illustration: Fig. 35.--Halved Joint with one side Dovetailed.]
[Illustration: Fig. 36.--Halved Joint with Double Dovetail.]

[Illustration: Fig. 37.--Oblique Dovetail Halving.]
[Illustration: Fig. 38.--Stopped Dovetail Halving.]
Fig. 38 shows "Stopped Dovetail Halving." In this case the dovetail is
similar to Fig. 33, with the exception that it does not run through the
bottom rail. This is an advantage if the bottom edge of the rail is in
evidence, or if it is required to glue a moulding or hardwood facing slip
on the lower edge. The glue adheres better with the grain than it would
end way of the grain, and if slight shrinkage occurs across the width of
the bottom rail the moulding would not be forced away by the upright
(see example at Fig. 28, 10).
[Illustration: Fig. 39.--Cross Halving Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 40.--Cross Halving Joint Edgeways.]
[Illustration: Fig. 41.--Tee Halving Joint.]
The joint lettered B in Fig. 28 is a "Cross Halving Joint" where each
piece runs through the other. Fig. 39 shows this joint separated, and Fig.
40 shows a similar joint separated where the joint is made edgeways.
Fig. 41 shows a "Tee Halving Joint" with a dovetail cut on the edge.
This is seldom used except as a woodwork exercise.
Fig. 42 is a "Dovetailed Halving Joint" used for lengthening timber,
and is also a favourite Manual Training model. It might also come
under the heading of scarf joint, although rarely used in actual practice
as such. As a practical woodwork exercise it calls for accurate marking
out and careful fitting.
[Illustration: Fig. 42.--Dovetailed Halving Joint used for Lengthening
Timber.]
[Illustration: Fig. 43.--Dovetailed and Halved Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 44.--Dovetailed Halved Joint with Shoulders.]

Fig. 43 shows a combination of a halved joint dovetailed edgeways,
whilst Fig. 44 shows a dovetailed halved joint with the shoulders
housed. This latter is seldom used in actual work.
At Fig. 45 we have the application of halving joints when constructing
a barrow wheel. The centre portion is an example of three pieces
half-lapped or, as it is sometimes called, one-third lapped. A sketch of
the three pieces separated is shown at L, B, C, Fig. 46.
This joint is extensively used in the pattern making trade for
lap-jointing the arms of pulley patterns, etc. It is probably the most
difficult of the halving joints to mark out and construct with the desired
degree of accuracy.
[Illustration: Fig. 45.--Halved Joints on Barrow Wheels.]
[Illustration: Fig. 46.--Detail of Halved Joints in Fig. 45.]
Fig. 47 shows a combination of a bevelled dovetail half-lapped joint.
This is only used as a puzzle joint. When neatly constructed and glued
together it is apparently impossible to make it, showing as it does a half
lap on one side and a dovetailed half lap on the reverse side.
Fig. 48 is the end view of a kitchen table with drop leaf, showing the
skirting board scribed to the solid side. A table of this type is fastened
to the wall with two iron holdfasts which engage the ends of the table.
The hinged bracket frame shows the application of the halving joint to
bracket supports for this and similar purposes, such as brackets to
support shelving, etc. In this example the hinged brackets turn
underneath the table top, and allow the leaf to drop out of the way when
not required. The dotted lines show the position of a shelf for boots and
shoes.
[Illustration: Fig. 47.--Bevelled Dovetailed Half Lap.]
[Illustration: Fig. 48.--Bracket of Drop Table.]
[Illustration: Figs. 49 and 50.--Separate pieces of Halved Moulded

Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 51.--Oblique Cross Halving Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 52.--Manual Training Halved Exercise Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 53.--Exercise Dovetail Joint.]
[Illustration: Fig. 54.--Carpentry Tie Joint.]
Figs. 49 and 50 indicate the halving of cross pieces which have their
edges moulded; the