The Philippine Islands | Page 4

Mexican galleons. The Obras Pias. 245 Losses of the treasure-laden galleons. Trade difficulties. 246 The period of restrictions on trade. Prohibitory decrees. 248 The Manila merchants alarmed; appeal to the King. 249 Penalties on free-traders. Trading friars. The budget for 1757. 250 Decline of trade. Spanish trading-company failures. 252 The Real Compa?ia de Filipinas; its privileges and failure. 253 The dawn of free trade. Foreign traders admitted. 254 Manila port, unrestrictedly open to foreigners (1834), becomes known to the world. 256 Pioneers of foreign trade. Foreign and Philippine banks. 257 The Spanish-Philippine currency. Mexican-dollar smuggling. 259 Ports of Zamboanga, Yloilo, Ceb��, and Sual opened to foreign trade. 261 Mail service. Carrying-trade. Middlemen. Native industries. 263 The first Philippine Railway. Telegraph service. Seclusion of the Colony. 265

Chapter XVI
Agriculture
Interest on loans to farmers. Land values and tenure in Luzon Island. 269 Sugar-cane lands and cultivation. Land-measures. 271 Process of sugar-extraction. Labour conditions on sugar-estates. 273 Sugar statistics. World's production of cane and beet sugar. 275 Rice. Rice-measure. Rice machinery; husking; pearling; statistics. 276 Macan and Paga rice. Rice planting and trading. 278

Chapter XVII
Manila Hemp--Coffee--Tobacco
Musa textilis. Extraction and uses of the fibre. Machinery. 281 Hemp experiments in British India. Cultivation. Qualities. 283 Labour difficulties. Statistics. Albay province (local) land-measure. 286 Coffee. Coffee dealing and cultivation. 289 Tobacco. The Government Tobacco Monopoly. 292 Tobacco-growing by compulsory labour. Condition of the growers. 294 Tobacco Monopoly abolished. Free trade in tobacco. 296 Tobacco-trading risks; qualities; districts. Cigar values. 299

Chapter XVIII
Sundry Forest and Farm Produce
Maize. Cacao-beans. Chocolate. 300 Cacao cultivation. Castor oil. Gogo. 302 Camote. Gabi. Potatoes. Mani (pea-nut). Areca-nut. Buyo. 303 Cocoanuts. Extraction of Tuba (beverage). 304 Cocoanut-oil extraction. Coprah. Coir. 305 Nipa palm. Cogon-grass. Cotton-tree. 307 Buri palm. Dit��. Palma brava. Bamboo. 308 Bojo. Bejuco (Rattan-cane). Pal��san (Bush-rope). 310 Gum mastic. Gutta-percha. Wax. Cinnamon. Edible Bird's-nest. 311 Balate (Trepang). Sapan-wood. Tree-saps. 312 Hardwoods; varieties and qualities. 313 Molave wood tensile and transverse experiments. 315 Relative strengths of hardwoods. Timber trade. 317 Fruits; the Mango; the Banana; the Papaw, etc. 318 Guavas; Pineapples; Tamarinds; the Mabolo. 320 Sundry vegetable produce. Flowers. 321 Botanical specimens--curious and beautiful. Orchids. 322 Firewoods; Locust beans; Amor seco. 324 Botanical names given to islands, towns etc. 324 Medicinal herbs, roots, leaves and barks. Perfumes. 325

Chapter XIX
Mineral Products
Coal import. Coal-mining ventures. 326 Comparative analyses of coal. 328 Gold-mining ventures. The Paracale and Mambulao mines. 329 Iron-mining ventures. Failures, poverty and suicide. 332 Copper. Marble. Stone. Gypsum. Sulphur. Mineral oil. 334

Chapter XX
Domestic Live-stock--Ponies, Buffaloes, Etc.
Ponies. Horses. Buffaloes (carabaos). 336 Donkeys. Mules. Sheep. Fish. Insects. Reptiles. Snakes. 338 Butterflies. White ants. Bats. Deer. Wild boars. 340 Fowls. Birds. The Locust plague. Edible insects. 341

Chapter XXI
Manila Under Spanish Rule
The fortified city. The moats. The drawbridges. 343 Public buildings in the city. The port in construction. 344 Manila Bay. Corregidor Island and Mariv��les. 345 The Pasig River. Public lighting. Tondo suburb. 346 Binondo suburb. Chinese and native artificers. 347 Easter week. The vehicle traffic. 348 The Theatres. The Carrillo. The "Moro Moro" performance. 349 The bull-ring. Annual feasts. Cock-fighting. 350 European club. Hotels. The Press. Spanish journalism. 351 Botanical gardens. Dwelling-houses. 353 Manila society. Water-supply. Climate. 354 Population of the Islands in 1845; of Manila in 1896. 355 Typhoons and earthquakes affecting Manila. 356 Dress of both sexes. A "first-class" funeral. 357 Excursions from Manila. Los Ba?os. 359 The story of Los Ba?os and Jalajala. The legend of Guadalupe Church. 360

Chapter XXII
The Tag��log Rebellion of 1896-98
First Period
The C��rtes de Cadiz. Philippine deputies in the Peninsula. 362 The Assembly of Reformists. Effect of the Cavite Rising of 1872. 363 Official acts conducive to rebellion. The Katipunan League. 364 Arrest of prominent Filipinos. The first overt act of rebellion. 366 War commences. The Battle of San Juan del Monte. 368 Execution of Sancho Valenzuela and others. 369 Andr��s Bonifacio heads the movement. He is superseded by Emilio Aguinaldo. 370 Imus (Cavite) is captured by the rebels. The history of Imus. 372 Atrocities of the rebels. Rebel victory at Binacayan. 373 Execution of 13 rebels in Cavite. The rebel chief Llaneras in Bulacan. 374 Volunteers are enrolled. Tragedy at Fort Santiago; cartloads of corpses. 375 A court-martial cabal. Gov.-General Blanco is recalled. 376 The rebels destroy a part of the railway. They threaten an assault on Manila. 377 General Camilo Polavieja succeeds Blanco as Gov.-General. 378 General Lachambre, the Liberator of Cavite. Polavieja returns to Spain. 379 Dr. Jos�� Rizal, the Philippine ideal patriot; his career and hopes. 381 His return to Manila; banishment, liberation, re-arrest, and execution. 383 The love-romance of Dr. Jos�� Rizal's life. 387 General Primo de Rivera succeeds Polavieja as Gov.-General. 389 The Gov.-General decrees concentration; its bad effect. 391 The rebels define their demands in an exhortation to the people. 392 Emilio Aguinaldo now claims independence. 394 Don Pedro A. Paterno acts as peace