The Antiquity of Man | Page 6

Period.
Erratics of Recent Period in Sweden. Glacial State of Sweden in the
Pleistocene Period. Scotland formerly encrusted with Ice. Its
subsequent Submergence and Re-elevation. Latest Changes produced
by Glaciers in Scotland. Remains of the Mammoth and Reindeer in
Scotch Boulder Clay. Parallel Roads of Glen Roy formed in Glacier
Lakes. Comparatively modern Date of these Shelves.

CHAPTER 14.
CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD
AND THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN
EUROPE--continued.
Signs of extinct Glaciers in Wales. Great Submergence of Wales during
the Glacial Period proved by Marine Shells. Still greater Depression
inferred from Stratified Drift. Scarcity of Organic Remains in Glacial
Formations. Signs of extinct Glaciers in England. Ice Action in Ireland.
Maps illustrating successive Revolutions in Physical Geography during
the Pleistocene Period. Southernmost Extent of Erratics in England.
Successive Periods of Junction and Separation of England, Ireland, and
the Continent. Time required for these Changes. Probable Causes of the
Upheaval and Subsidence of the Earth's Crust. Antiquity of Man
considered in relation to the Age of the existing Fauna and Flora.

CHAPTER 15.
EXTINCT GLACIERS OF THE ALPS AND THEIR
CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO THE HUMAN PERIOD.
Extinct Glaciers of Switzerland. Alpine Erratic Blocks on the Jura. Not
transported by floating Ice. Extinct Glaciers of the Italian Side of the
Alps. Theory of the Origin of Lake-Basins by the erosive Action of
Glaciers considered. Successive phases in the Development of Glacial
Action in the Alps. Probable Relation of these to the earliest known
Date of Man. Correspondence of the same with successive Changes in
the Glacial Condition of the Scandinavian and British Mountains. Cold
Period in Sicily and Syria.

CHAPTER 16.

HUMAN REMAINS IN THE LOESS, AND THEIR PROBABLE
AGE.
Nature, Origin, and Age of the Loess of the Rhine and Danube.
Impalpable Mud produced by the Grinding Action of Glaciers.
Dispersion of this Mud at the Period of the Retreat of the great Alpine
Glaciers. Continuity of the Loess from Switzerland to the Low
Countries. Characteristic Organic Remains not Lacustrine. Alpine
Gravel in the Valley of the Rhine covered by Loess. Geographical
Distribution of the Loess and its Height above the Sea. Fossil
Mammalia. Loess of the Danube. Oscillations in the Level of the Alps
and lower Country required to explain the Formation and Denudation
of the Loess. More rapid Movement of the Inland Country. The same
Depression and Upheaval might account for the Advance and Retreat
of the Alpine Glaciers. Himalayan Mud of the Plains of the Ganges
compared to European Loess. Human Remains in Loess near
Maestricht, and their probable Antiquity.

CHAPTER 17.
POST-GLACIAL DISLOCATIONS AND FOLDINGS OF
CRETACEOUS AND DRIFT STRATA IN THE ISLAND OF MOEN,
IN DENMARK.
Geological Structure of the Island of Moen. Great Disturbances of the
Chalk posterior in Date to the Glacial Drift, with Recent Shells. M.
Puggaard's Sections of the Cliffs of Moen. Flexures and Faults
common to the Chalk and Glacial Drift. Different Direction of the
Lines of successive Movement, Fracture, and Flexure. Undisturbed
Condition of the Rocks in the adjoining Danish Islands. Unequal
Movements of Upheaval in Finmark. Earthquake of New Zealand in
1855. Predominance in all Ages of uniform Continental Movements
over those by which the Rocks are locally convulsed.

CHAPTER 18.
THE GLACIAL PERIOD IN NORTH AMERICA.
Post-glacial Strata containing Remains of Mastodon giganteus in North
America. Scarcity of Marine Shells in Glacial Drift of Canada and the
United States. Greater southern Extension of Ice-action in North
America than in Europe. Trains of Erratic Blocks of vast Size in
Berkshire, Massachusetts. Description of their Linear Arrangement and
Points of Departure. Their Transportation referred to Floating and
Coast Ice. General Remarks on the Causes of former Changes of
Climate at successive geological Epochs. Supposed Effects of the
Diversion of the Gulf Stream in a Northerly instead of North-Easterly
Direction. Development of extreme Cold on the opposite Sides of the
Atlantic in the Glacial period not strictly simultaneous. Effect of
Marine Currents on Climate. Pleistocene Submergence of the Sahara.

CHAPTER 19.
RECAPITULATION OF GEOLOGICAL PROOFS OF MAN'S
ANTIQUITY.
Recapitulation of Results arrived at in the earlier
Chapters.
Ages of Stone and Bronze. Danish Peat and Kitchen-Middens. Swiss
Lake-Dwellings. Local Changes in Vegetation and in the wild and
domesticated Animals and in Physical Geography coeval with the Age
of Bronze and the later Stone Period. Estimates of the positive Date of
some Deposits of the later Stone Period. Ancient Division of the Age of
Stone of St. Acheul and Aurignac. Migrations of Man in that Period
from the Continent to England in Post-Glacial Times. Slow Rate of
Progress in barbarous Ages. Doctrine of the superior Intelligence and
Endowments of the original Stock of Mankind considered. Opinions of

the Greeks and Romans, and their Coincidence with those of the
Modern Progressionist.

CHAPTER 20.
THEORIES OF PROGRESSION