Scientific American Supplement, No. 611, September 17, 1887 | Page 2

line, but only including the cylinder
and axis of the distributing valve. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of the
button of the cock through the line 5-6 of Fig. 3. Finally, Fig. 8 shows
in detail, plan, and elevation the arrangement of the starting valve.
[Illustration: Figs. 1 through 8 IMPROVED OSCILLATING
HYDRAULIC MOTOR.]
This little motor does not show any new principle. It uses the old
oscillating cylinder, but it embraces in its construction ingenious details
which render its application very simple and very easy, especially, as
we have already said, to sewing machines.
In the first place, the oscillating bronze cylinder, A, is cast in one piece
with the distribution cock, a, Fig. 3, and its seat, b, also of bronze, is
adjusted and fastened by means of the screw, b, to the air reservoir, C',
cast with its cistern, C, acting as foundation or bed plate for the motor.
This cistern is held either on the base of the cast iron bearing frame, D,
of the main shaft, d, d, Figs. 1 and 2, or directly on the sewing machine
table, Figs. 3 and 4, by means of two pins, e and _e'_, so that it can
oscillate about an axis which is perpendicular to the shaft, d, to which
is attached the disk, F, carrying the crank.
This arrangement of parts, in combination with the horizontal axis of
the distribution valve and with the piston rod, g, considered as a
vertical axis of rotation, forms a species of universal joint between the
crank pin and the table, so that it can be put in place without adjustment
by any workman, who only has to screw up the two screws, h, to fasten
to the table the standard, E, and the piece, E', in which are screwed the
pivots, e and _e'_, which support the tank, and this all the rest of the
motor.

As is seen more clearly in Fig. 2, the water under pressure enters by the
pipe, c, to which is attached a small tube of India rubber, and leaves by
the pipe, _c'_, and is carried away by another India rubber tube.
The openings of the distribution cock are symmetrically pierced in the
seat and plug, which latter is divided internally by a horizontal
diaphragm so arranged that at each oscillation communication is
established alternately above and below the piston. So that it can be
started or stopped quickly, the opening and closing of the throttle valve,
i (Fig. 2), is effected by a single pulling movement upon the handle, I,
and this draws out the valve horizontally. For this end the lever is
pivoted upon the extremity of the valve stem, and ends in a bar
engaging with a fork which acts as its fulcrum. This fork is cast in one
piece with the plug, J, which closes the opening through which the
valve is put in place, as shown in detail in Fig. 8. To prevent the lever
from spinning out of the fork when it is pulled or pushed, this lever is
prevented from turning by the valve stem, provided for this purpose
with a double rib, _i'_ (Figs. 2 and 8), which engages in slots in one
piece, j, secured in the interior of the plug, J.
Lest the friction of the conical distribution valve oscillating with the
cylinder should occasion a loss of power, care is taken to leave the key
free in its seat, b, by not forcing the pivot, k (Figs. 1, 3, and 5), whose
position in its seat is regulated by the screw, _k'_. It follows that a very
slight escape of water may be produced, but that does no harm, as it is
caught in the reservoir, C, provided with a little pipe, K (Figs. 1 and 3),
to carry it away.
To maintain proper relations between the pressure of the water, or the
work it is called upon to do, and the motor, the quantity of water
introduced into the cylinder at each stroke of the piston is regulated by
adjusting the length of stroke by the crank pin. For this end the course
of the latter is made variable by means of the piece, f, adjusted by
set-screw in the interior of the disk, F (Figs. 3 and 7), and tapped for
the reception of a screw terminated by a milled button, f. If this button
is turned, it moves the piece, f, and therefore regulates the distance of
the crank pin, _g'_, to which the piston rod, g, is attached (Fig. 3) from

the center of rotation.
When the motor is arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or for the
transmission of motion by means of a band wheel, p, cast in one with
the flywheel, P, the disk