Scientific American Supplement, No. 611, September 17, 1887

Scientific American Supplement,
No. 611, September 17, 1887

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611,
September 17, 1887, by Various This eBook is for the use of anyone
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Title: Scientific American Supplement, No. 611, September 17, 1887
Author: Various
Release Date: October 26, 2005 [EBook #16948]
Language: English
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[Illustration]

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 611

NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 17, 1887
Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XXIV., No. 611.
Scientific American established 1845
Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.
Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.
* * * * *

TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE I. BIOGRAPHY.--The New Statue of Philip Lebon.--Biography
of the French pioneer inventor of gas lighting, with notes on the recent
inauguration of his statue.--1 illustration. 9757
II. CHEMISTRY.--The Analysis of Urine.--An elaborate investigation
of the method of analyzing chemically and microscopically this fluid,
with illustrations of the apparatus employed.--4 illustrations 9758
III. ELECTRICITY.--Electrical Alarm for Pharmacists.--An apparatus
for indicating to the pharmacist when he removes from the shelf a
bottle containing poison.--2 illustrations. 9753
Electric Steel Railways.--By GEORGE W. MANSFIELD.--A full
discussion of the problem of electric railways; comparison with horse
and cable traction. 9752
IV. ENGINEERING.--Improved Oscillating Hydraulic Motor.--A
small motor for household use, as for driving sewing machines and

other domestic machinery.--8 illustrations. 9751
The Ceara Harbor Works.--A remarkable engineering work now in
progress in Brazil; the formation of an artificial harbor.--4 illustrations.
9752
V. GEOLOGY.--Notes of a Recent Visit to Some of the
Petroleum-Producing Territories of the United States and Canada.--By
BOVERTON REDWOOD, F.I.C., F.C.S.--The second portion of this
valuable paper, treating more particularly of Canadian petroleum. 9765
VI. METEOROLOGY.--The "Meteorologiske Institut" at Upsala, and
Cloud Measurements.--The methods used and results attained in the
famous Upsala observatory under Profs. Ekholm and Hagström; the
measurement of clouds.--1 illustration. 9764
VII. MISCELLANEOUS.--Drawing Instrument for Accurate
Work.--By J. LEHRKE.--A magnifying instrument for fine work and
measurements.--2 illustrations. 9754
Liquid and Gaseous Rings.--Notes on the production of vortex
rings.--The different aspects and breaking up of smoke rings.--6
illustrations. 9760
Scenes among the Extinct Volcanoes of Rhineland.--The picturesque
features of the geological formations of this region described.--10
illustrations. 9762
Shall We Have a National Horse?--An eloquent plea by RANDOLPH
HUNTINGTON for the production of a good type of animal.--Use of
the Arabian horse as an improver of the breed. 9760
VIII. NAVAL ENGINEERING.--Trial Trip of the Ohio.--The
remarkable results attained by the introduction of new boilers and
machinery in an American steamship. 9751
IX. PHYSIOLOGY.--Apparatus for Determining Mechanically the
Reaction Period of Hearing.--An interesting study of the time of

transmission of an impulse through the sensor and motor nerves.--1
illustration. 9753
X. SANITATION.--A New Disinfector.--Description of a new
apparatus for disinfecting by superheated steam and air, with tabular
statement of elaborate tests made with it.--2 illustrations. 9754
Trees from a Sanitary Aspect.--By CHARLES ROBERTS, F.R.C.S.,
etc.--The sanitary value of trees considered by this eminent
sanitarian.--The uses and abuses of shade near houses. 9765
XI. TECHNOLOGY.--A New Alkali Process.--The Parnell & Simpson
process of making carbonate of soda, combining the features of the
Leblanc and ammonia methods. 9755
A New Process for the Distillation and Concentration of Chemical
Liquids.--By GEORGE ANDERSON, of London.--An apparatus and
process especially adapted to the manufacture of sulphate of
ammonia.--The invention of Alex. Angus Croll described.--1
illustration. 9757
Barlow's Machine for Moulding Candles.--A new apparatus for candle
manufacture, fully described and illustrated.--5 illustrations. 9754
Temperature of Gas Distillation.--The mooted question discussed by
Mr. WM. FOULIS, the eminent gas engineer. 9756
The Largest Black Ash Furnace in the World.--Note of a recent furnace
for use in the Leblanc process of soda manufacture. 9756
* * * * *

IMPROVED OSCILLATING HYDRAULIC MOTOR.
The motor of MM. Schaltenbrand & Moller is adapted for use for
household purposes, where small power is required, as in driving
sewing machines.

Fig. 1 shows the motor with all its parts in side elevation, the flywheel
and head rest being in section. Fig. 2 is a side view, with the air
reservoir and distribution valve in section through the line 1-2. Figs. 3
and 4 represent the same apparatus, but without support, as where it is
to be used on the table of a sewing machine, with the crank of the
motor directly fastened to the flywheel of the sewing machine. Fig. 5 is
a plan or horizontal section at the level of the line 3-4, and Fig. 6 is a
section passing through the same