Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D. | Page 2

BATALHA[1] 132
West front of church in which Prince Henry and his House lie buried. This church was founded by the Prince's father, King John, in memory of his victory over Castille at Aljubarrota.
BATALHA CHURCH--PORTUGAL'S WESTMINSTER[1] 136
The aisle containing the tombs of Prince Henry and his brothers, the Infants of the House of Aviz.
EFFIGIES OF KING JOHN THE GREAT AND QUEEN PHILIPPA 148
Henry's father and mother, from their tomb in the Abbey of Batalha.
GATEWAY OF THE CHURCH AT THOMAR 154
The Mother Church of the Order of Christ, of which Henry was Grand-Master.
HENRY IN MORNING DRESS[2] 258
The original forms the frontispiece to the Paris MS. of Azurara's Discovery and Conquest of Guinea.
COIMBRA UNIVERSITY 298
THE RECUMBENT STATUE OF PRINCE HENRY 306
From his tomb in Batalha Church; with his escutcheons (1) as titular King of Cyprus; (2) as Knight of the Garter of England; (3) as Grand Master of the Order of Christ.
ALLEGORICAL PIECE[3] 310
Supposed to represent Columbus, as St. Christopher, carrying across the ocean the Christian faith, in the form of the infant Christ. From the map of Juan de la Cosa, 1500.
VASCO DA GAMA[4] 314
From a portrait in the possession of the Count of Lavradio.
AFFONSO D'ALBUQUERQUE[5] 318
[Footnote 1: From a water-colour.]
[Footnote 2: From Major's Life of Henry the Navigator.]
[Footnote 3: From the Hakluyt Society's Select Letters of Columbus.]
[Footnote 4: From the Hakluyt Society's edition of Three Voyages of Vasco da Gama.]
[Footnote 5: From the Hakluyt Society's edition of Albuquerque's Commentaries.]

LIST OF MAPS.[6]
PAGE THE WORLD ACCORDING TO PTOLEMY 2
From Nordenskj?ld's fac-simile atlas
THE WORLD ACCORDING TO EDRISI. c. 1150 24
As reconstructed by M. Reinaud from the written descriptions of the Arabic geographer. This illustrates the extremely unreal and untrue conception of the earth among Moslem students, especially those who followed the theories of Ptolomy--e.g., in the extension to Africa eastward, so as practically or actually to join China, making the Indian Ocean an inland sea.
THE MAPPE-MONDE OF ST. SEVER 48
(B. Mus., Map room, shelf 35 [5], sheet 6). Of uncertain date, between c. 780-980 but probably not later than the 10th century. One of the earliest examples of Christian map-making.
THE ANGLO-SAXON MAP 54
(B. Mus., Cotton mss., Tib. B.V., fol. 59). This gives us the most interesting and accurate view of the world that we get in the pre-Crusading Christian science. The square, but not conventional outline is detailed with considerable care and precision. The writing, though minute, is legible; but the Nile, which, like the Red Sea in Africa, is coloured red, in contrast to the ordinary grey of water in this example, is made to wander about Africa from side to side, with occasional disappearances, in a thoroughly mythical fashion. This map, from a ms. of Priscian's Peviegesis, appears to have been executed at the end of the 10th century; it is on vellum, highly finished, and has been engraved, in outline, in Playfair's Atlas (Pl. I), and more fully in the Penny Magazine (July 22, 1837). In the reign of Henry II., it appears to have belonged to Battle Abbey.
THE TURIN MAP OF THE 11TH CENTURY 76
(B. Mus., Map room. From Ottino's reproduction). One of the oldest and simplest of Christian Mappe-Mondes, giving a special prominence to Paradise, (with the figures of Adam, Eve, and the serpent), to the mountains and rivers of the world, and to the four winds of heaven. It is to be associated with the Spanish map of 1109, and the Mappe-Monde of St. Sever.
THE SPANISH-ARABIC MAP OF 1109 84
(B. Mus., Add. mss., 11695). The original, gorgeously coloured, represents the crudest of Christian and Moslem notions of the world. Even more crude than in the Turin map and the Mappe-Monde of St. Sever, both of which offer some resemblances to this. The earth is represented as of quadrangular shape, surrounded by the ocean. At the E. is Paradise with the figures of the Temptation. A part of the S. is cut off by the Red Sea, which is straight (and coloured red), just as the straight Mediterranean, with its quadrangular islands, divides the N.W. quarter, or Europe, from the S.W. quarter, or Africa. The ?gean Sea joins the Mediterranean at a right angle, in the centre of the map. In the ocean, bordering the whole, are square islands, e.g., Tile (Thule), Britania, Scocia, Fu(o)rtunarum insula. The Turin map occurs in another copy of the same work--A Commentary on the Apocalypse.
THE PSALTER MAP OF THE 13TH CENTURY 92
(B. Mus., Add. mss., 28, 681). A good illustration of the circular type of medi?val map, which is sometimes little better than a panorama of legends and monsters. Christ at the top; the dragons crushed beneath him at the bottom; Jerusalem, the navel of the earth, in the middle as a sort of bull's-eye to a target, all show a "religious" geography. The line of queer figures, on the right side, figuring