an unrecognized
stranger between hydrogen and helium which we named occultum, for
purposes of reference, and 2 varieties of one element, which we named
kalon and meta-kalon, between xenon and osmium; we also found 4
varieties of 4 recognized elements and prefixed meta to the name of
each, and a second form of platinum, that we named Pt. B. Thus we
have tabulated in all 65 chemical elements, or chemical atoms,
completing three of Sir William Crookes' lemniscates, sufficient for
some amount of generalization.
[Illustration: PLATE I. SODIUM.]
In counting the number of ultimate atoms in a chemical elemental atom,
we did not count them throughout, one by one; when, for instance, we
counted up the ultimate atoms in sodium, we dictated the number in
each convenient group to Mr. Jinarâjadâsa, and he multiplied out the
total, divided by 18, and announced the result. Thus: sodium (see Plate
I) is composed of an upper part, divisible into a globe and 12 funnels; a
lower part, similarly divided; and a connecting rod. We counted the
number in the upper part: globe--10; the number in two or three of the
funnels--each 16; the number of funnels--12; the same for the lower
part; in the connecting rod--14. Mr. Jinarâjadâsa reckoned: 10 + (16 x
12) = 202; hence: 202 + 202 + 14 = 418: divided by 18 = 23.22
recurring. By this method we guarded our counting from any
prepossession, as it was impossible for us to know how the various
numbers would result on addition, multiplication and division, and the
exciting moment came when we waited to see if our results endorsed or
approached any accepted weight. In the heavier elements, such as gold,
with 3546 atoms, it would have been impossible to count each atom
without quite unnecessary waste of time, when making a preliminary
investigation. Later, it may be worth while to count each division
separately, as in some we noticed that two groups, at first sight alike,
differed by 1 or 2 atoms, and some very slight errors may, in this way,
have crept into our calculations.
In the following table is a list of the chemical elements examined; the
first column gives the names, the asterisk affixed to some indicating
that they have not yet been discovered by orthodox chemistry. The
second column gives the number of ultimate physical atoms contained
in one chemical atom of the element concerned. The third column gives
the weight as compared with hydrogen, taken as 18, and this is obtained
by dividing the calculated number of ultimate atoms by 18. The fourth
column gives the recognized weight-number, mostly according to the
latest list of atomic weights, the "International List" of 1905, given in
Erdmann's "Lehrbuch der Unorganischen Chemie." These weights
differ from those hitherto accepted, and are generally lighter than those
given in earlier text-books. It is interesting to note that our counting
endorses the earlier numbers, for the most part, and we must wait to see
if later observations will endorse the last results of orthodox chemistry,
or confirm ours.
-------------------------------------------- Hydrogen | 18 | 1 | 1 *Occultum |
54 | 3 | -- Helium | 72 | 4 | 3.94 Lithium | 127 | 7.06 | 6.98 Baryllium |
164 | 9.11 | 9.01 Boron | 200 | 11.11 | 10.86 Carbon | 216 | 12 | 11.91
Nitrogen | 261 | 14.50 | 14.01 Oxygen | 290 | 16.11 | 15.879 Fluorine |
340 | 18.88 | 18.90 Neon | 360 | 20 | 19.9 *Meta-Neon | 402 | 22.33 | --
Sodium | 418 | 23.22 | 22.88 Magnesium | 432 | 24 | 24.18 Aluminium |
486 | 27 | 26.91 Silicon | 520 | 28.88 | 28.18 Phosphorus | 558 | 31 |
30.77 Sulphur | 576 | 32 | 31.82 Chlorine | 639 | 35.50 | 35.473
Potassium | 701 | 38.944 | 38.85 Argon | 714 | 39.66 | 39.60 Calcium |
720 | 40 | 39.74 *Metargon | 756 | 42 | -- Scandium | 792 | 44 | 43.78
Titanium | 864 | 48 | 47.74 Vanadium | 918 | 51 | 50.84 Chromium | 936
| 52 | 51.74 Manganese | 992 | 55.11 | 54.57 Iron | 1008 | 56 | 55.47
Cobalt | 1036 | 57.55 | 57.7 Nickel | 1064 | 59.ll | 58.30 Copper | 1139 |
63.277 | 63.12 Zinc | 1170 | 65 | 64.91 Gallium | 1260 | 70 | 69.50
Germanium | 1300 | 72.22 | 71.93 Arsenic | 1350 | 75 | 74.45 Selenium |
1422 | 79 | 78.58 Bromine | 1439 | 79.944 | 79.953 Krypton | 1464 |
81.33 | 81.20 *Meta-Krypton | 1506 | 83.66 | -- Rubidium | 1530 | 85 |
84.85 Strontium | 1568
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