New Forces in Old China | Page 4

the
alteration of Chefoo to Chi-fu or Tshi-fu. I have deemed it wise, as a
rule, to omit the aspirate (e. g, Tai-shan instead of T'ai-shan) as
unintelligible to one who does not speak Chinese. Few foreigners
except missionaries can pronounce Chinese names correctly anyway.
Besides, no matter what the system of spelling, the pronunciation
differs, the Chinese themselves in various parts of the Empire
pronouncing the name of the Imperial City Beh-ging, Bay-ging,
Bai-ging and Bei-jing, while most foreigners pronounce it Pe-kin or
Pi-king. I have followed the best obtainable advice in using the hyphen
between the different parts of many proper names. For the rest I join
the perplexed reader who devoutly hopes that the various commit- tees
that are at work on the Romanization of the Chinese language may in
time agree among themselves and evolve a system that a plain,
wayfaring man can understand without provocation to wrath. 156 Fifth
Avenue, New York City.

Preface to the Second Edition
THE author gratefully acknowledges the kindness with which his book
has been received not only in this country but in England and China. In
this edition he has corrected a number of errors that appeared in the
first edition and has availed himself of later statistical information. He

is under special obligations to the Rev. W. A. P. Martin, D. D., LL. D.,
of Wuchang, and the Rev. Arthur H. Smith, D. D. LL. D., of
Pang-chwang, for valuable counsel. These distinguished authorities on
China have been so kind as to study the book with painstaking care and
to give the author the benefit of their suggestions. All these suggestions
have been incorporated in this edition to the great improvement of its
accuracy.
The result of the Russia-Japan War is noticeably accelerating the new
movement in China. The Chinese have been as much startled and
impressed by the Japanese victory as the rest of the world and they are
more and more disposed to follow the path which the Japanese have so
successfully marked out. The considerations presented in this book are
therefore even more true to-day than when they were first published.
The problem of the future is plainly the problem of China and no
thoughtful person can afford to be indifferent to the vast transformation
which is taking place as the result of the operation of the great
formative forces of the modern world.
156 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

Contents

PART I
OLD CHINA AND ITS PEOPLE
I. THE ANCIENT EMPIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 II. DO WE RIGHTLY
VIEW THE CHINESE . . . . . . 25 III. ATTITUDE TOWARDS
FOREIGNERS-CHARACTER AND
ACHIEVEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 IV. A TYPICAL
PROVINCE . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 V. A SHENDZA IN
SHANTUNG. . . . . . . . . . . 52 VI. AT THE GRAVE OF
CONFUCIUS. . . . . . . . . 65 VII. SOME EXPERIENCES OF A
TRAVELLER-FEASTS, INNS AND SOLDIERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

PART II
THE COMMERCIAL FORCE AND THE ECONOMIC
REVOLUTION
VIII. WORLD CONDITIONS THAT ARE AFFECTING CHINA101
IX. THE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION IN ASIA. . . . . .111 X.
FOREIGN TRADE AND FOREIGN VICES. . . . . .121 XI. THE
BUILDING OF RAILWAYS . . . . . . . . .130

PART III
THE POLITICAL FORCE AND THE NATIONAL PROTEST
XII. THE AGGRESSIONS OF EUROPEAN POWERS . . . .145 XIII.
THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA. . . . . . .154 XIV.
DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS-TREATIES. . . . . . .165 XV.
RENEWED AGGRESSIONS. . . . . . . . . . . .174 XVI. GROWING
IRRITATION OF THE CHINESE--THE REFORM
PARTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184 XVII. THE BOXER
UPRISING . . . . . . . . . . .193

PART IV
THE MISSIONARY FORCE AND THE CHINESE CHURCH
XVIII. BEGINNINGS OF THE MISSIONARY ENTERPRISE--THE
TAI-PING REBELLION AND THE LATER
DEVELOPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 XIX. MISSIONARIES AND
NATIVE LAWSUITS . . . . .228 XX. MISSIONARIES AND THEIR
OWN GOVERNMENTS . .236 XXI. RESPONSIBILITY OF
MISSIONARIES FOR THE BOXER

UPRISING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249 XXII. THE CHINESE
CHRISTIANS . . . . . . . . .268 XXIII. THE STRAIN OF
READJUSTMENT TO CHANGED ECONOMIC
CONDITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . .280 XXIV. COMITY AND
COOPERATION . . . .