Manners and Monuments of Prehistoric Peoples | Page 5

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60. Covered avenue of Dissignac (Loire-Inferieure), view of the
chamber at the end of the north gallery. 189 61. Covered avenue near
Antequera. 190 62. Ground plan of the Gavr'innis monument. 191 63.
Monoliths at Stennis, in the Orkney Islands. 193 64. Cromlech near
Bone (Algeria). 196 65. Dolmen at Pallicondah, near Madras (India).
201 66. Dolmen at Maintenon, with a table about 19 1/2 feet long. 204
67. Part of the Mane-Lud dolmen. 208 68. Sculptures on the menhirs of
the covered avenue of Gavr'innis. 210 69. Dolmen with opening (India).
211 70. Dolmen near Trie (Oise). 212 71. Bronze objects found at
Krasnojarsk (Siberia). 237 72. Prehistoric polisher near the ford of
Beaumoulin, Nemours. 239 73. Section of a flint mine. 242 74. Plan of
a gallery of flint mine. 243 75. Picks, hammers, and mattocks made of
stag-horn. 245 76. Cranium of a woman from Cro-Magnon (full face).
249 77. Skull of a woman found at Sordes, showing a severe wound,
from which she recovered. 250 78. Fragment of human tibia with
exostosis enclosing the end of a flint arrow. 252 79. Fragment of
human humerus pierced at the elbow joint (Trou d'Argent). 253 80.
Mesaticephalic skull, with wound which has been trepanned 259 81.
Trepanned Peruvian skull. 268 82. Skull from the Bougon dolmen
(Deux-Sevres), seen in profile 273 83. Trepanned prehistoric skull. 274
84. Prehistoric spoon and button found in a lake station at Sutz. 287 85.
General view of the station of Fuente-Alamo. 293 86. Group at Liberty
(Ohio). 299 87. Trenches at Juigalpa (Nicaragua). 300 88. Vases found
at Santorin. 313

89. Vase ending in the snout of an animal, found on the hill of Hissarlik.
325 90. Funeral vase containing human ashes. 326 91. Large terra-cotta
vases found at Troy. 327 92. Earthenware pitcher found at a depth of 19
1/2 feet. 328 93. Vase found beneath the ruins of Troy. 94. Terra-cotta
vase found with the treasure of Priam. 95. Vase found beneath the ruins
of Troy. 329 96. Earthenware pig found at a depth of 13 feet. 330 97.
Vase surmounted by an owl's head, found beneath the ruins of Troy.
331 98. Copper vases found at Troy. 333 99. Vases of gold and
electrum, with two ingots (Troy). 334 100. Gold and silver objects from

the treasure of Priam. 335 101. Gold ear-rings, head-dress, and
necklace of golden beads from the treasure of Priam. 336 102.
Terra-cotta fusaioles. 339 103. Cover of a vase with the symbol of the
swastika. 340 104. Stone hammer from New Jersey bearing an
undeciphered inscription. 341 105. Chulpa near Palca. 357 106.
Dolmen at Auvernier near the lake of Neuchatel. 359 107. A stone
chest used as a sepulchre. 361 108. Example of burial in a jar. 363 109.
Aymara mummy. 365 110. Peruvian mummies. 367 111. Erratic block
from Scania, covered with carvings. 379 112. Engraved rock from
Massibert (Lozere). 380
CHAPTER I
The Stone Age: its Duration and its Place in Time.
The nineteenth century, now nearing its close, has made an indelible
impression upon the history of the world, and never were greater things
accomplished with more marvellous rapidity. Every branch of science,
without exception, has shared in this progress, and to it the daily
accumulating information respecting different parts of the globe bas
greatly contributed. Regions, previously completely closed, have been,
so to speak, simultaneously opened by the energy of explorers, who,
like Livingstone, Stanley, and Nordenskiold, have won immortal
renown. In Africa, the Soudan, and the equatorial regions, where the
sources of the Nile lie hidden; in Asia, the interior of Arabia, and the
Hindoo Koosh or Pamir mountains, have been visited and explored. In
America whole districts but yesterday inaccessible are now intersected
by railways, whilst in the other hemisphere Australia and the islands of
Polynesia have been colonized; new societies have rapidly sprung into
being, and even the unmelting ice of the polar regions no longer checks
the advance of the intrepid explorer. And all this is but a small portion
of the work on which the present generation may justly pride itself.
Distant wars too have contributed in no small measure to the progress
of science. To the victorious march of the French army we owe the
discovery of new facts relative to the ancient history of Algeria; it was
the advance of the English and Russian forces that revealed the secret

of the mysterious lands in the heart of Asia, whence many scholars
believe the European races to have first issued, and of this ever open
book the French expedition to Tonquin may be considered at present
one of the last pages.
Geographical knowledge does much to promote the progress of the
kindred sciences. The work of Champollion, so brilliantly
supplemented by the Vicomte de