Holland - The History of the Netherlands | Page 3

back the Duchess of Parma as Stadtholderess--Her
son refuses to act jointly with her, and is left in the exercise of his
Power--The Siege of Cambray undertaken by the Prince of Parma, and
gallantly defended by the Princess of Epinoi--The Duke of Alencon
created Duke of Anjou--Repairs to England, in hopes of marrying
Queen Elizabeth--He returns to the Netherlands unsuccessful, and is
inaugurated at Antwerp--The Prince of Orange desperately wounded by
an Assassin--Details on John Jaureguay and his Accomplices--The
People suspect the French of the Crime-- Rapid Recovery of the Prince,
who soon resumes his accustomed Activity--Violent Conduct of the
Duke of Anjou, who treacherously attempts to seize on Antwerp--He is
defeated by the Townspeople-- His Disgrace and Death--Ungenerous
Suspicions of the People against the Prince of Orange, who leaves
Flanders in Disgust--Treachery of the Prince of Chimay and
others--Treason of Hembyse--He is executed at Ghent--The States
resolve to confer the Sovereignty on the Prince of Orange--He is
murdered at Delft--Parallel between him and the Admiral
Coligny--Execution of Balthazar Gerard, his Assassin--Complicity of
the Prince of Parma.
CHAPTER XIII
TO THE DEATH OF ALEXANDER, PRINCE OF PARMA
A.D. 1584--1592
Effects of William's Death on the History of his Country--Firm
Conduct of the United Provinces--They reject the Overtures of the
Prince of Parma--He reduces the whole of Flanders--Deplorable
Situation of the Country--Vigorous Measures of the Northern
States--Antwerp besieged--Operations of the Siege--Immense Exertions
of the Besiegers--The Infernal Machine--Battle on the Dike of
Couvestien--Surrender of Antwerp--Extravagant Joy of Philip II.--The

United Provinces solicit the Aid of France and England--Elizabeth
sends them a supply of Troops under the Earl of Leicester--He returns
to England--Treachery of some English and Scotch Officers--Prince
Maurice commences his Career--The Spanish Armada--Justin of
Nassau blocks up the Prince of Parma in the Flemish Ports--Ruin of the
Armada--Philip's Mock Piety on hearing the News--Leicester
dies--Exploits and Death of Martin Schenck--Breda surprised--The
Duke of Parma leads his Army into France--His famous Retreat--His
Death and Character.
CHAPTER XIV
TO THE INDEPENDENCE OF BELGIUM AND THE DEATH OF
PHILLIP II.
A.D. 1592--1599
Count Mansfield named Governor-General--State of Flanders and
Brabant--The Archduke Ernest named Governor-General--Attempts
against the Life of Prince Maurice--He takes Groningen--Death of the
Archduke Ernest--Count Fuentes named Governor-General--He takes
Cambray and other Towns--Is soon replaced by the Archduke Albert of
Austria--His high Reputation--He opens his first Campaign in the
Netherlands--His Successes--Prince Maurice gains the Battle of
Turnhout--Peace of Vervins--Philip yields the Sovereignty of the
Netherlands to Albert and Isabella--A new Plot against the Life of
Prince Maurice--Albert sets out for Spain, and receives the News of
Philip's Death--Albert arrives in Spain, and solemnizes his Marriage
with the Infanta Isabella--Review of the State of the Netherlands.
CHAPTER XV
TO THE CAMPAIGN OF PRINCE MAURICE AND SPINOLA
A.D. 1599--1604
Cardinal Andrew of Austria Governor--Francisco Mendoza, Admiral of
Aragon, invades the neutral States of Germany--His atrocious

Conduct--Prince Maurice takes the Field--His masterly
Movements--Sybilla of Cleves raises an Army, which is, quickly
destroyed--Great Exertions of the States-General--Naval Expedition
under Vander Goes--Its complete Failure--Critical Situation of the
United Provinces--Arrival of the Archduke in Brussels--Success of
Prince Maurice--His Expedition into Flanders--Energy of the
Archduke--Heroism of Isabella--Progress of Albert's Army--Its first
Success--Firmness of Maurice--The Battle of Nieuport--Total Defeat of
the Royalists--Consequences of the Victory--Prince Maurice returns to
Holland--Negotiations for Peace--Siege of Ostend--Death of Elizabeth
of England--United Provinces send Ambassadors to James
I.--Successful Negotiations of Barneveldt and the Duke of Sully in
London--Peace between England and Spain--Brilliant Campaign
between Spinola and Prince Maurice--Battle of Roeroord--Naval
Transactions--Progress of Dutch Influence in India--Establishment of
the East India Company.
CHAPTER XVI
TO THE SYNOD OF DORT AND THE EXECUTION OF
BARNEVELDT
A.D. 1600--1619
Spinola proposes to invade the United Provinces--Successfully opposed
by Prince Maurice--The Dutch defeated at Sea--Desperate Conduct of
Admiral Klagoon--Great naval Victory of the Dutch, and Death of their
Admiral Heemskirk--Overtures of the Archdukes for Peace--How
received in Holland--Prudent Conduct of Barneveldt--Negotiations
opened at The Hague--John de Neyen, Ambassador for the
Archdukes--Armistice for Eight Months--Neyen attempts to bribe
D'Aarsens, the Greffier of the States-General--His Conduct disclaimed
by Verreiken, Counsellor to the Archdukes--Great Prejudices in
Holland against King James I. and the English, and Partiality toward
France--Rupture of the Negotiations--They are renewed--Truce for
Twelve Years signed at Antwerp--Gives great Satisfaction in the
Netherlands--Important Attitude of the United Provinces--Conduct of

the Belgian Provinces--Disputes relative to Cleves and Juviers--Prince
Maurice and Spinola remove their Armies into the contested
states--Intestine Troubles in the United Provinces--Assassination of
Henry IV. of France--His Character--Change in Prince Maurice's
Character and Conduct--He is strenuously opposed by
Barneveldt--Religious Disputes--King James enters the Lists of
Controversy--Barneveldt and Maurice take Opposite sides--The
cautionary Towns released from the Possession of
England--Consequences of this Event--Calumnies against
Barneveldt--Ambitious Designs of Prince Maurice--He is baffled by
Barneveldt--The Republic assists its Allies with Money and Ships--Its
great naval Power--Outrages of some Dutch Sailors in
Ireland--Unresented by King James--His Anger at the manufacturing