History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom | Page 9

the early part of the nineteenth century Change effected
by the French Revolution of to {??} Rallying of the reactionary clerical
influence against science
II. The Flint Weapons and Implements. Boucher de Perthes's

contributions to the knowledge of prehistoric man His conclusions
confirmed by Lyell and others Cave explorations of Lartet and Christy
Evidence of man's existence furnished by rude carvings Cave
explorations in the British Islands Evidence of man's existence in the
Drift period In the early Quaternary and in the Tertiary periods


CHAPTER VIII
.
THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ANTHROPOLOGY.
The two antagonistic views regarding the life of man on the earth The
theory of "the Fall" among ancient peoples Inheritance of this view by
the Christian Church Appearance among the Greeks and Romans of the
theory of a rise of man Its disappearance during the Middle Ages Its
development since the seventeenth century The first blow at the
doctrine of "the Fall" comes from geology Influence of anthropology
on the belief in this doctrine The finding of human skulls in Quaternary
deposits Their significance Results obtained from the comparative
study of the remains of human handiwork Discovery of human remains
in shell-heaps on the shores of the Baltic Sea In peat-beds The
lake-dwellers Indications of the upward direction of man's development
Mr. Southall's attack on the theory of man's antiquity An answer to it
Discovery of prehistoric human remains in Egypt Hamard's attack on
the new scientific conclusions The survival of prehistoric implements
in religious rites Strength of the argument against the theory of "the
Fall of Man"


CHAPTER IX
.
THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ETHNOLOGY.
The beginnings of the science of Comparative Ethnology Its testimony

to the upward tendency of man from low beginning Theological efforts
to break its force--De Maistre and DeBonald Whately's attempt The
attempt of the Duke of Argyll Evidence of man's upward tendency
derived from Comparative Philology From Comparative Literature and
Folklore From Comparative Ethnography From Biology


CHAPTER X
.
THE "FALL OF MAN" AND HISTORY.
Proof of progress given by the history of art Proofs from general
history Development of civilization even under unfavourable
circumstances Advancement even through catastrophes and the decay
of civilizations Progress not confined to man's material condition
Theological struggle against the new scientific view Persecution of
Prof. Winchell Of Dr. Woodrow Other interferences with freedom of
teaching The great harm thus done to religion Rise of a better spirit The
service rendered to religion by Anthropology


CHAPTER XI
.
FROM "THE PRINCE OF THE POWER OF THE AIR" TO
METEOROLOGY.
I. Growth of a Theological Theory. The beliefs of classical antiquity
regarding storms, thunder, and lightning Development of a sacred
science of meteorology by the fathers of the Church Theories of
Cosmas Indicopleustes Of Isidore Of Seville Of Bede Of Rabanus
Maurus Rational views of Honorius of Autun Orthodox theories of
John of San Geminiano Attempt of Albert the Great to reconcile the
speculations of Aristotle with the theological views The monkish
encyclopedists Theories regarding the rainbow and the causes of storms

Meteorological phenomena attributed to the Almighty
II. Diabolical Agency in Storms. Meteorological phenomena attributed
to the devil--"the prince of the power of the air" Propagation of this
belief by the medieval theologians Its transmission to both Catholics
and Protestants--Eck, Luther The great work of Delrio Guacci's
Compendium The employment of prayer against "the powers of the air"
Of exorcisms Of fetiches and processions Of consecrated church bells
III. The Agency of Witches. The fearful results of the witch superstition
Its growth out of the doctrine of evil agency in atmospheric phenomena
Archbishop Agobard's futile attempt to dispel it Its sanction by the
popes Its support by confessions extracted by torture Part taken in the
persecution by Dominicans and Jesuits Opponents of the witch
theory--Pomponatius, Paracelsus, Agrippa of Nettesheim Jean Bodin's
defence of the superstition Fate of Cornelius Loos Of Dietrich Flade
Efforts of Spee to stem the persecution His posthumous influence
Upholders of the orthodox view--Bishop Binsfeld, Remigius Vain
protests of Wier Persecution of Bekker for opposing the popular belief
Effect of the Reformation in deepening the superstition The persecution
in Great Britain and America Development of a scientific view of the
heavens Final efforts to revive the old belief
IV. Franklin's Lightning-Rod. Franklin's experiments with the kite
Their effect on the old belief Efforts at compromise between the
scientific and theological theories Successful use of the lightning-rod
Religious scruples against it in America In England In Austria In Italy
Victory of the scientific theory This victory exemplified in the case of
the church of the monastery of Lerins In the case of Dr. Moorhouse In
the case of the Missouri droughts


CHAPTER XII
.
FROM MAGIC TO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.
I. The Supremacy of Magic.