France and the Republic | Page 6

the administration--The salaries of the clergy,
Protestant and Catholic--Jewish rabbis paid less than servants in the
Ministère--Steady cutting down of the budget--No statistics of religious
opinion in France--A Benedictine archbishop--Great increase of the
religious sentiment in Reims--The Church driven by the Republic into
opposition--Léon Say and the present Government--The home of
Montaigne--A deputy of the Dordogne invalidated to snub Léon
Say--Socrates and David Hume in modern France--Dogmatic
irreligion--Jules Simon on the proscription of Christianity--Abolishing
the history of France--A practical protest of the Catholic Marne--The
great pope of the crusades--Catholic and Masonic processions--The
Triduum of Urban II.--A great celebration at Châtillon--Hildebrand and
his disciple--The Angelus and the 'Truce of God'--Mgr. Freppel on the
anti-religious war--Jeanne d'Arc at Reims--A magnificent
festival--Gounod's Mass of the Maid of Orléans--Catholic protest
against the persecution of the Jews--The Republic threatens the grand
rabbis with the archbishops--Deriding a death-bed in a hospital--The
amnesty of the Communards--The rehabilitation of crime--Tyranny in
the village schools--Religious freedom in France and Turkey--The
home of Jeanne d'Arc--'Laicising' Domrémy-la-Pucelle--Piety and
hypnotism--The chamber and garden of Jeanne--Louis XI. and the
French yeomen--A shrine converted into a show--A scurvy job in a
place of pilgrimage--The banner of Patay--Jeanne and her voices--A
western worshipper of the Maid of Orléans--The Château de
Bourlémont--The Princesse d'Hénin and Madame de Staël--The
revolutionary traffic in passports--A generous act of Madame Du
Barry--'Laicisation' in the Vosges--The defeat of Jules Ferry--The
Monarchists going up, the Republicans going down 369-436

CHAPTER XIV
IN THE CALVADOS
Val Richer--The home of Guizot--The French Protestants and the Third
Republic--Free education in France the work of Guizot--Education in
France checked by the Revolution--Mediæval provisions for public
education--The effect of the English and the religious wars upon
education in France--Indiscriminate destruction of educational
foundations by the First Republic--Progress of illiteracy after
1793--The guillotine as a financial expedient--The Directory painted by
themselves--The two Merlins--'Republican Titans' wearing royal
livery--Barras on the cruelty of poltroons--Education under
Napoleon--The Concordat and the Church--Napoleon's University of
France--A machine for creating moral unity--The despotism of 1802
and 1882--The Liberals of 1830--Primary education under M.
Guizot--The rights of the family and the encroachments of the
State--Catholic vindication of Protestant liberty under Louis XIV.--The
heirs of M. Guizot in Normandy and Languedoc--M. de Witt at Val
Richer--Three historic châteaux--The birthplace of Montesquieu at La
Brède--The Abbey of Thomas à-Becket--The Château de
Broglie--Lisieux--M. Guizot as a landscape gardener--A Protestant
statesman among the Catholics of the Calvados--The Sieur de
Longiumeau and the sacred right of insurrection--'Moral unity' and
'moral harmony'--Catholicism in the Calvados, Brittany, and
Poitou--Charlotte Corday--The historic family of De Witt--An election
in the Calvados--The people and the functionaries--Bonnebosq--The
Normans and personal liberty--The procedure of a French
election--Mayors with votes in their sleeves--Glass urns and wooden
boxes--Gerrymandering in France and America--Catholic constituents
congratulating their Protestant candidate--'Vive le roi!'--M. Bocher on
two Republican presidents--Wilsonism and the Norman farmers--The
domestic distilleries--The war against religion in Normandy--'The
Church as the key of trade'--How the officials revise the
elections--Prefects interfering in the elections--A solid Monarchist
department--Politics and the apple crop--The weak point of the
Monarchists--The traditions of Versailles and 'modern high life'--Louis

XV. and Barras--Madame Du Barry and Madame Tallien--The 'noble'
grooms of ignoble cocottes--The Legitimists under the Empire--The
war of 1870-71, and the fusion of classes--Historic names in the French
army--Officers and the châteaux--An American minister and the Comte
de Paris--The Monarchist and the Republican representatives--The Duc
de Broglie in the Eure--Architectural evidence as to the social life of
the ancien régime--The war of classes a consequence, not a cause, of
the Revolution--The Vicomte de Noailles and Artemus Ward--Feudal
serfs and New York anti-renters--Jefferson and lettres de cachet--The
Bastille and the Tower of London--Don Quixote and the wine
skins--The Château d'Eu--Private rights in the 14th century--The
'Nonpareil' of the world--La Grande Mademoiselle and her lieges at
Eu--Her hospitals and charities--A quick-witted mayor--A model
Republican prefect--The Duc de Penthièvre--The Orléans family at
Eu--Local popularity of the Comte and Comtesse de Paris--Norman
grievances, old and new--A Protestant movement in
Normandy--American associations with Broglie, La Brède, and Val
Richer--Mr. Bancroft on the ministers of Louis Philippe--The 'military
council' of Royalist officers in the Revolution--Louis Philippe and
Thiers--The rights of property under the Second Empire--The seizure of
the Orléans property--The Jacobin levelling of incomes--The reformer
Réal as an opulent count--The Orléans property restored in 1872, as a
matter of 'common honesty'--What the princes recovered, and what
they presented to France--The 'wounded conscience' of a nation--The
daughter of Madame de Staël--The present Duc de Broglie and the
anti-religions war--The Conservative republic made impossible--The
Radical Jacobins rule the roast--'The Republic commits suicide to save
itself from slaughter'--Floquet the master of Carnot--The war against
God--Two statesmen of the South--Nîmes and M. Guizot--The
religious wars in Languedoc--The son of M. Guizot at Uzès--Politics in
the Gard--Catholics and Protestants fighting side by side--The late M.
Cornelis de Witt--The hereditary principle in Holland--What