English-Esperanto Dictionary | Page 2

generously given to the world.
We take this opportunity of tendering our very sincere thanks to Dr. Zamenhof for the invaluable assistance he has given us during the preparation of this little work, as well as for his aprobita of it; and at the same time we acknowledge our indebtedness to M. A. Motteau (Author of the Esperanto-English Dictionary) for his careful revision of the proof sheets, and for the many useful suggestions which his thorough knowledge of Esperanto enabled him to give.
Particular attention must be given to the fact that it is to the root of a word that the prefixes and suffixes are added. When it is stated that the final letter "i" indicates the infinitive, the letter "o" the noun, the letter "a" the adjective, the letter "e" the adverb, the letter "j" added to form the plural, etc., the pronouns "mi", "li", "vi", etc., do not interfere with the statement, for they are complete words; the letters "m", "l", and "v" are not roots. The word "do" is not a noun, because "d" is not a root. The word "plej" is not a plural, because "ple" is not a root. The word "meti", to put, has nothing to do with the diminutive suffix "et", because "m" is not the root.
The reader of this Dictionary will see to which part of speech the English word belongs, by looking at the ending of the Esperanto translation of the word.
The Authors.
PREFIXES.
bo'--denotes relationship resulting from marriage:
patro = father, bo'patro = father-in-law.?patrino = mother, bo'patrino = mother-in-law.
dis'--denotes division, separation, dissemination:
semi = to sow, dis'semi = to scatter.?sxiri = to tear, dis'sxiri = to tear in pieces.
ek'--denotes an action just begun, also short duration of an action:
kanti = to sing, ek'kanti = to begin to sing.?ridi = to laugh, ek'ridi = to burst out laughing.
ge'--denotes persons of both sexes taken together:
mastro = master, ge'mastroj = master and mistress.?edzo = husband, ge'edzoj = husband and wife.
mal'--denotes contraries, opposition of idea:
estimi = to esteem, mal'estimi = to despise.?varma = warm, mal'varma = cold.?amiko = friend, mal'amiko = enemy.
re'--denotes the repetition of an act; it corresponds to the English "re,"
"back" or "again":
doni = to give, re'doni = to give back; iri = to go, re'iri = to go again. diri = to say, re'diri = to repeat; veni = to come, re'veni = to return.
SUFFIXES.
'ad'--denotes duration or continuation of an action:
spiri = to breathe, spir'ad'o = breathing.?pafi = to fire (a gun, etc.), paf'ad'o = a fusilade.
'ajx'--denotes a thing having a certain quality,
something made from a certain matter:
mola = soft, mol'ajx'o = a soft thing or substance.?ovo = egg, ov'ajx'o = omelet; bovo = ox, bov'ajx'o = beef.
'an'--denotes an inhabitant, partisan, member of:
Londono = London, London'an'o = a Londoner.?Kristo = Christ, Krist'an'o = a Christian.
'ar'--denotes a collection or reunion of certain things:
vorto = a word, vort'ar'o = a dictionary.?homo = a man, hom'ar'o = mankind.
'cxj'--inserted between 1-5 letters of a masculine name
denotes a term of endearment:
Johano = John, Jo'cxj'o = Jack, Johnnie.?Ernesto = Ernest, Erne'cxj'o = Ernie.
'ebl'--denotes possibility, something likely to happen:
legi = to read, leg'ebl'a = legible.?kredi = to believe, kred'ebl'a = credible.
'ec'--denotes an abstract quality (similar to the English suffix "ness"):
bona = good, bon'ec'o = goodness.?pura = clean, pur'ec'o = cleanliness.
'eg'--denotes augmentation, intensity of degree:
granda = great, grand'eg'a = enormous.?pafilo = gun, pafil'eg'o = cannon.
'ej'--denotes the place specially used for or allotted to:
dormi = to sleep, dorm'ej'o = a dormitory.?lerni = to learn, lern'ej'o = a school.
'em'--denotes propensity, inclination, disposition:
timi = to fear, tim'em'a = timorous.?amo = love, am'em'a = lovable.
'er'--denotes one of many objects of the same kind, the smallest fragment:
sablo = sand, sabl'er'o = a grain of sand.?mono = money, mon'er'o = a coin.
'estr'--denotes a chief, a leader, a ruler, the head of:
imperio = an empire, imperi'estr'o = an emperor.?sxipo = a ship, sxip'estr'o = captain (of a ship).
'et'--denotes diminution of degree:
ridi = to laugh, rid'et'i = to smile.?monto = a mountain, mont'et'o = a hill.
'id'--denotes the young of, offspring, descendant:
kato = a cat, kat'id'o = a kitten.?Izraelo = Israel, Izrael'id'o = an Israelite.
'ig'--denotes causing to be in a certain state or condition:
morti = to die, mort'ig'i = to kill (to cause to die).?pura = clean, pur'ig'i = to clean (to make clean).
'igx'--denotes to become, to be made to:
rugxa = red, rugx'igx'i = to become red (to blush).?ricxa = rich, ricx'igx'i = to become (or to grow) rich.
'il'--denotes an instrument or tool:
kombi = to comb, komb'il'o = a comb.?razi = to shave, raz'il'o = a razor.
'in'--denotes feminines:
frato = brother, frat'in'o = sister.?leono = lion, leon'in'o = lioness.
'ind'--denotes worthiness, to be "worthy of," "deserving of":
lauxdi = to praise, lauxd'ind'a = praiseworthy, worthy of praise. estimi = to esteem, estim'ind'a = estimable, worthy of esteem.
'ing'--denotes a holder (thing), that which is used for holding one object:
cigaro = a cigar, cigar'ing'o = a cigar holder.?kandelo