Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th
Edition, Volume 2, Part 1, Slice 1

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Title: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Part 1, Slice 1
Author: Various
Release Date: October 8, 2004 [EBook #13600]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, ***

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THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA - ELEVENTH EDITION

FIRST edition, published in three volumes, 1768-1771. SECOND
edition, published in ten volumes, 1777-1784. THIRD edition,
published in eighteen volumes, 1788-1797. FOURTH edition,
published in twenty volumes, 1801-1810. FIFTH edition, published in
twenty volumes, 1815-1817. SIXTH edition, published in twenty
volumes, 1823-1824. SEVENTH edition, published in twenty-one
volumes, 1830-1842. EIGHTH edition, published in twenty-two
volumes, 1853-1860. NINTH edition, published in twenty-five volumes,
1875-1889. TENTH edition, ninth edition and eleven supplementary
volumes, 1902-1903. ELEVENTH edition, published in twenty-nine
volumes, 1910-1911.
THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA
A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND
GENERAL INFORMATION
ELEVENTH EDITION
VOLUME II
ANDROS to AUSTRIA
[E-Text Edition of Volume II - Part 01 of 16 - ANDROS to ANISE]

INITIALS USED IN VOLUME II. TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL
CONTRIBUTORS, WITH THE HEADINGS OF THE ARTICLES IN
THIS VOLUME SO SIGNED.
[Note: Listing adjusted to E-Text Edition of Volume II, Part 01. The
full list of contributors appear in the complete E-text Edition of
Volume II. A complete list of all contributors to the encyclopaedia,
appears in the final volume.]
A.B.R. - ALFRED BARTON RENDLE, F.R S F.L.S. D.Sc. Keeper of
the Department of Botany, British Museum.
- ANGIOSPERMS
C.Pl. - REV. CHARLES PLUMMER, M.A. Fellow of Corpus Christi
College, Oxford. Ford's Lecturer, 1901. Author of _Life and Times of
Alfred the Great_; &c.
- ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE
E.O. - EDMUND OWEN, M.B., F.R.C.S., LL.D., D.SC. Consulting
Surgeon to St Mary's Hospital, London, and to the Children's Hospital,
Great Ormond Street. Late Examiner in Surgery at the Universities of
Cambridge, Durham and London. Author of A Manual of Anatomy for

Senior Students.
- ANEURYSM
H.M.C. - HECTOR MUNRO CHADWICK, M.A. Fellow and
Librarian of Clare College, Cambridge. Author of _Studies on
Anglo-Saxon Institutions_.
- ANGLI; ANGLO-SAXONS
H.Sm. - HUGH SHERINGHAM. Angling Editor of The Field
(London).
- ANGLING
I.B.B. - ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR, F.R.S., M.D. King's Botanist in
Scotland. Regius Keeper of Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh. Regius Professor
of Botany in the University of Glasgow, 1879-1884. Sherardian
Professor of Botany in the University of Oxford, 1884-1888.
- ANGIOSPERMS (_in part_).
J.G.C.A. - JOHN GEORGE CLARK ANDERSON, M.A. Student,
Censor and Tutor of Christ Church, Oxford. Craven Fellow, 1896.
Formerly Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford. Joint-author of Studica
Pontica.
- ANGORA
L.J.S. - LEONARD JAMES SPENCER, M.A., F.G.S. Department of
Mineralogy, British Museum. Formerly Scholar of Sidney Sussex
College, Cambridge, and Harkness Scholar. Editor of the
Mineralogical Magazine.
- ANHYDRITE
L.M.Br. - LOUIS MAURICE BRANDIN, M.A. Fielden Professor of
French and of Romance Philology in the University of London.
- ANGLO-NORMAN LITERATURE
N.W.T. - NORTHCOTE WHITBRIDGE THOMAS, M.A.
Government Anthropologist to Southern Nigeria. Corresponding
Member of the Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris. Author of _Thought
Transference_; _Kinship and Marriage in Australia_; &c.
- ANIMAL-WORSHIP, ANIMISM
P.C.M. - PETER CHALMERS MITCHELL, F.R.S., F.Z.S., D.Sc.,
LL.D. Secretary to the Zoological Society of London from 1903.
University Demonstrator in Comparative Anatomy and Assistant to
Linacre Professor at Oxford, 1888-1891. Lecturer on Biology at

Charing Cross Hospital, 1892-1894; at London Hospital, 1894.
Examiner in Biology to the Royal College of Physicians, 1892-1896,
1901-1903. Examiner in Zoology to the University of London, 1903.
- ANIMAL
P.C.Y. - PHILIP CHESNEY YORKE, M.A. Magdalen College,
Oxford.
- ANGLESEY, 1st EARL OF
P.Vi. - PAUL VINOGRADOFF, D.C.L. (Oxford), LL.D. (Cambridge
and Harvard). Corpus Professor of Jurisprudence in the University of
Oxford. Fellow of the British Academy. Honorary Professor of History
in the University of Moscow. Author of _Villainage in England_;
_English Society in the 11th Century_; &c.
- ANGLO-SAXON LAW
T.Ba. - SIR THOMAS BARCLAY, M.P.
Member of the Institute of International Law. Member of the Supreme
Council of the Congo Free State. Officer of the Legion of Honour.
Author of _Problems of International Practice and Diplomacy_; &c.
M.P. for Blackburn, 1910.
- ANGARY
W.H.Be. - WILLIAM HENRY BENNETT, M.A., D.D., D.LITT.
(Cantab.). Professor of Old Testament Exegesis in New and Hackney
Colleges, London. Formerly Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge.
Lecturer in Hebrew at Firth College, Sheffield. Author of _Religion of
the