Diego Collados Grammar of the Japanese Language | Page 6

na Future agueôzu aguru mai
OPTATIVE MOOD
Present avare ague io caxi avare aguru na caxi Preterit agueôzu mono
vo aguru mai mono vo Future avare ague io caxi avare aguru na caxi
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
Present agureba agueneba Perfect agueta reba aguenanda reba
Pluperfect aguete atta reba ---- Future agueô toqi aguru mai qereba
PERMISSIVE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
Present agueredomo aguenedomo Preterit agueta redomo aguenanda
redomo Future agueôzu redomo aguru mai qeredomo
INFINITIVE
Present aguru coto aguenu coto Preterit agueta coto aguenanda coto
Future agueô coto aguru mai coto
GERUND IN DI
Present aguru [jibun] aguenu [jibun] Future agueô [jibun] aguru mai
[jibun]
GERUND IN DO
---- aguete ague[~i]de

GERUND IN DUM
Present aguru tame aguenu tame Future agueô tame aguru mai tame
SUPINE IN TUM
---- ague ni ----
SUPINE IN TU
---- ague ----
PARTICIPLE
Present aguru fito aguenu fito Preterit agueta fito aguenando fito Future
agueô fito aguru mai fito
The forms treated separately are:
THE CONDITIONAL
Present agueba aguez[~u]ba Preterit agueta raba aguenanda raba Future
agueô naraba aguru mai naraba
THE POTENTIAL
Present aguru ró aguenu coto mo arózu Preterit aguetçu ró aguenanzzu
ró Future agueôzu ró aguru mail coto mo arózu
{11}
The Structure of Collado's and Rodriguez' Descriptions Contrasted
In every section of his description, Collado is indebted to the material
presented by Rodriguez in his Arte da Lingoa de Iapam. The structure
of the Ars Grammaticae, however, follows a much more simplistic
design than that of the Arte. As a consequence Collado found it
necessary to assemble his data from various sections of Rodriguez'
description. In the paragraphs which follow we will briefly sketch the

structural relation between these two grammars.
As he clearly states in his title to the main portion of the grammar
Collado bases his description on the Introductiones of Antonio Lebriya,
and more specifically upon that portion of the great Latin grammar
which dealt with the parts of speech. Further, he limits himself to the
spoken language rather than attempting, as does Rodriguez, an
integrated treatment of both the spoken and written grammars.
Under these influences Collado's grammar takes on the following form:
A Prologue (including the phonology) 3-5 The Body of the Grammar
(by parts of speech) 6-61 A Brief Syntax 61-66 A Treatment of the
Arithmetic 66-74 A Note on the Written Language 74-75
In contrast Rodriguez' Arte, prepared under the influence of Alvarez'
Institutiones, develops its description over the span of three books
which treat both the spoken and written grammar in progressively
greater detail. Thus:
The Introduction iii-v
BOOK I
The Declensions 1-2v The Conjugations 2v-54 The Parts of Speech
(Rudimenta) 55-80v
BOOK II
The Syntax of the Parts of Speech 83-168 Styles, Pronunciation,
Poetics, etc. 168-184
BOOK III
The Written Language 184v-206v Names, Titles, etc. 206v-212v The
Arithmetic 212v-239
{12}

Given these differing formats[10] it is clear that Collado is unable to
cope adequately with the more complex aspects of the grammar,
specifically those syntactic constructions to which Rodriguez devotes
almost an entire book.
An analysis of Collado's description and a listing of the portions of
Rodriguez' grammar from which material was taken yields the
following:
Collado Rodriguez
Phonology (3-5) {Parts of Speech (55-58) {Book III (173-179v)
Nouns (6-13) {Declensions (1-2v) {Parts of Speech (59-61)
Adjectives (9-11, 32-33) {Declensions (2-2v) {Conjugations (47-52)
{Parts of Speech (61-67)
Pronouns (13-18) {Declensions (2v) {Parts of Speech (67-68)
Verbs (18-49) {Conjugations (6v-54v) {Parts of Speech (69-73)
{Syntax (83v-112v)
Adverbs (49-57) {Parts of Speech (73v-77) {Syntax (113-125)
Prepositions (57-59) {Parts of Speech (73-73v) {Syntax (140-148v)
Conjunctions (59-60) {Parts of Speech (76-76v) {Syntax (130-137)
Exclamations (60-61) {Parts of Speech (76-76v) {Syntax (125-130)
Syntax (61-66) Book II (83-168)
Arithmetic (66-75) Book III (212v-239)
Written Language (74-75) Book III (184v-206v)
Two aspects of Japanese were not able to be described with any degree
of satisfaction by Collado; the adjectives (adjectiva) and the

prepositions (praepositio). His difficulties, attributable to the basic
structural difference between Latin and Japanese, were compounded by
the fact that Rodriguez too was unable to find a satisfactory solution to
their description.
With respect to the adjectives, Collado attempts to deal with their
functions in the manner appropriate to Latin, that is as a sub-class of
{13} nouns (pp. 9-11). He also recognizes their formal similarity to the
verb and treats them briefly as a sub-class of the substantive verb (pp.
32-33), but his heavy reliance upon the semantic categories of Latin
does not permit him to follow Rodriguez who is able more clearly to
recognize their formal as well as their functional distinctiveness.
Concerning prepositions, Collado was confronted with an all but
insurmountable taxonomic problem. Here too Rodriguez was unable to
develop a completely satisfactory descriptive framework. In the Arte
the term posposição is used for those particles which function in a
manner similar to the Latin prepositions; e.g., tameni, taixite, and
tomoni (cf.