Capitals | Page 9

*** BOSTON ***
MASSACHUSETTS]
The extra wide spacing of words set in capitals, as in head-lines and
running-heads, should be avoided by the young compositor; there are
places where it may be unobjectionable but it will require good
judgment and some experience to prevent such lines making the page
look freakish or amateurish.
In jobbing, advertisement, and display work, capitals are used more
freely than in plain reading matter. In book work the practice is to use
capitals more freely than in newspaper composition. A study of the
reading columns of daily newspapers will discover that capitals are
used very sparingly and words are "kept down" in many cases which in
more formal book and pamphlet work would be capitalized.
In advertisements, announcements, and circular letters, words are often
capitalized for distinction or emphasis, as in these examples:
Those who win a Second or First Prize through a monthly or special
contest become Honor Members of the Guild, and receive the Guild
badge without charge.
You are cordially invited to attend the Spring Opening of Suits and
Outside Garments for Women, on Wednesday and Thursday, April 28
and 29, in our new Mason Street Annex.
Precise rules for the use of capitals cannot be given for work of all
kinds. Their insertion or omission will be governed greatly by the
subject matter and the style of treatment desired by the proof-reader or
the customer and the compositor's duty will not go further than to
maintain some consistency in their use in each piece of work. When he
has copy in which capitals are used as in the following example he will

be expected either to discard all capitals except at the beginning of the
sentences or to capitalize the words as in the second example:
Fifty styles of the Smartest and nobbiest wheel specialties for ponies
and Small horses, Pony carts, light horse novelties, traps, wagons,
Harness, Saddles, etc.
Fifty Styles of the Smartest and Nobbiest Wheel Specialties for Ponies
and Small Horses, Pony Carts, Light Horse Novelties, Traps, Wagons,
Harness, Saddles, etc.
In lines of large display, like head-lines, set in capitals and lower-case,
all the important words should begin with capitals. Unimportant words,
such as of, the, by, for, but, in, etc., except when they are at the
beginning of the displayed phrase, are not capitalized.
Notice to the Public The Best is the Cheapest A Great Bargain in Hats
By Right of Conquest For Love and Honor
A line of capitals containing an abbreviation or other short word should
have capitals throughout when possible, as in the second form of these
examples:
JOHN SMITH, Jr. JOHN SMITH, JR. ROBINSON & Co. ROBINSON
& CO.
In advertisement display lines like the following are permissible:
The GOLDEN HARVESTER REGAL SHOES for MEN
Combinations of different sizes and styles of types are also common
and serve their purpose properly, as in this style, often used in billheads,
etc.
TO THOMAS W. ABBOTT, DR. In account with FRANK ABBOTT
Combinations of large and small capitals and lower-case like the
following are, however, not approved:

WILLIAM BROWN, President
The words in small capitals as well as the word in lower-case should
begin with large capitals, like this:
WILLIAM BROWN, President
When lines of capitals are used in books and pamphlets, for headings
and display, they should be used consistently--that is, all headings of a
similar kind should be alike in any piece of work, and not one heading
in capitals and another in lower-case. The composition of a title page is
more pleasing when its chief lines are in one style of letters, giving a
harmonious effect. When lines of capitals and lines of lower-case are
interspersed in a page an appearance of confusion is liable to be the
result.

SUPPLEMENTARY READING
A Manual for Writers. By John Matthews Manley and John Arthur
Powell. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
The Writer's Desk Book. By William Dana Orcutt. Frederick Stokes
Company, New York.
Correct Composition. By Theodore L. DeVinne. The Oswald
Publishing Company, New York.
A Handbook of Composition. By Edwin D. Woolley. D. C. Heath,
Boston.
Punctuation. With Chapters on Hyphenization, Capitalization and
Spelling. By F. Horace Teale. Appleton & Co., New York.

QUESTIONS
As the subject matter of this book is such that many of the questions

will serve only to bring out the accuracy of the pupil's memory of rules
it is very desirable that care should be taken to insure intelligent use
and application of the rules. To be able to repeat a rule is of very little
importance compared with the ability to apply it intelligently.
The instructor should give the pupils constant practice in the
application of these rules. This should consist of;--
(a) Study of passages taken from all kinds of printed matter.
(b) Rewriting of