Capitals | Page 3

the Holy Spirit in direct address or where there might otherwise be ambiguity.
These pronouns are not capitalized in the Bible. They are generally capitalized in hymn books and books of devotion. These pronouns were formerly all capitalized as a mark of respect to God whenever there was any mention of him, even indirect. The tendency is more and more to eliminate them except in the second person (direct address). In view of the change now going on it is best to follow copy if the author appears to have decided preferences.
4. Books, divisions, and versions of the Bible.
Book of Job, Twenty-third Psalm, New Testament, Revised Version.
5. General biblical terms and titles of parables.
The Law, The Prophets, Major and Minor Prophets (referring to the collections of prophetic books), Lord's Prayer, Lord's Supper, Parable of the Prodigal Son, the Beatitudes, the Priestly Code and many other such terms.
Use lower-case for biblical and scriptural.
6. Capitalize Holy in Holy place and Holy of holies. Say Gospel of John, but speak of the gospel message.
7. The names of religious bodies and their followers.
Catholic, Protestant, Unitarian, Methodist, Buddhists, Taoists, Lamas.
8. The names of monastic orders and their followers.
Jesuits, Brothers of the Common Life, Recollets, Crutched Friars, Cowley Fathers.
9. The word Church when it stands for the Church universal or is a part of the name of some particular denomination or organization.
For salvation he sought the Church. The Church of Rome. The First Presbyterian Church. I was on my way to church. He is a student of church history. (Note use of lower-case in this sentence.)
10. The names of creeds and professions of faith.
Apostle's Creed, Thirty-nine Articles, Nicene Creed.
Note that the adjective ante-Nicene is printed as it here appears.
11. The word "father" when used in direct reference to the fathers of the church, and to the Pilgrim leaders of New England, and the word "reformers" when used of the leaders of the Reformation.
The ante-Nicene Fathers. Luther, Calvin and the other Reformers.
The word "father" is not capitalized when the reference is general, as in the first sentence of this section.
The capitalization of "reformer" is intended to distinguish persons connected with a certain definite historical movement from persons interested in reform. Many persons might consider that the Reformers were not reformers.
12. Names of persons.
John Smith, George V.
But write John o' Groat, Tam o' Shanter, and the like where o' is an abbreviation of of and not the G?lic O' as O'Neil, etc.
In writing foreign names which contain particles, capitalize the particles when not preceded by a Christian name or title.
Alfred de Musset but De Musset, le Due de Morny but De Morny, Prince von Bismarck but Von Bismarck.
By exception the Dutch particle "van" is always capitalized.
Van Hoorn, Stephen Van Renssel?r.
13. Epithets appended to proper names or substituted for them.
Frederick the Great Peter the Hermit William Red Head (Rufus) the Conqueror.
14. Names of races of men.
Aryan, Caucasian, etc., but generally negro and gypsy, by exception.
15. Names of places.
a. Cities, rivers, oceans, lakes, mountains, etc.
Chicago Mississippi River Atlantic Ocean Lake Superior Pike's Peak Strawberry Hill.
Note that the generic terms ocean, lake, mountain and the like are capitalized only when they are an actual part of the name itself. We would say "The Atlantic Ocean lies east of the United States," but we would say "The states which form the North American republic look out on two great oceans, the Atlantic and the Pacific."
The following tables are taken from A Manual for Writers by John Matthews Manley and John Arthur Powell (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).
Subject to the rule just stated, they will be found very useful.
Capitalize, in singular form only, when immediately following the name
Archipelago Borough Branch (stream) Butte Canyon County Crater Creek Delta Forest Fork Gap Glacier Gulch Harbor Head Hollow Mesa Narrows Ocean Parish (La.) Park Plateau Range Reservation Ridge River Run
Capitalize in singular or plural form when immediately following the name
Hill Island Mountain Spring
Capitalize, in singular form, either before or after the name; and in plural form before the name
Bay Bayou Camp (military) Cape Dalles Desert Falls Fort Isle Lake Mount Oasis Pass Peak Point Port Sea Strait Valley Volcano
b. Names of streets, squares, parks, buildings, etc.
Amsterdam Avenue Van Buren Street Independence Square Lincoln Park Transportation Building.
The same rule as to capitalization of the generic name holds here as in the preceding section. The usual tendency to drop capitals is at work here and newspapers now write Washington street and Federal building. It is very probable that the capitals will finally be dropped from the generic terms wherever used.
Printers should keep a careful watch on the usage of the best offices so as to keep advised as to the progress of these changes.
c. Nouns, and adjectives derived from them designating recognized geographical divisions of a country or of the world.
East, West, North, South, Westerner, Oriental.
When these words are