An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England

An Introduction to the Industrial
and Social
by Edward Potts
Cheyney

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Social
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Title: An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
Author: Edward Potts Cheyney

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An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
[Illustration: New Sixteenth Century Manor House with Fields still
Open, Gidea Hall, Essex. Nichols: Progresses of Queen Elizabeth.]
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL
HISTORY OF ENGLAND
by
EDWARD P. CHEYNEY
Professor of European History in the University of Pennsylvania

New York The MacMillan Company London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd.
1916 All rights reserved Copyright, 1901, By The MacMillan
Company.
Set up and electrotyped. Published April, 1901. Reprinted January,
October, 1905; November, 1906; October, 1907; July, 1908; February,
1909; January, 1910; April, December, 1910; January, August,
December, 1911; July, 1912; January, 1913; February, August, 1914;
January, November, 1915; April, 1916.

PREFACE
This text-book is intended for college and high-school classes. Most of
the facts stated in it have become, through the researches and
publications of recent years, such commonplace knowledge that a
reference to authority in each case has not seemed necessary.
Statements on more doubtful points, and such personal opinions as I
have had occasion to express, although not supported by references, are
based on a somewhat careful study of the sources. To each chapter is
subjoined a bibliographical paragraph with the titles of the most
important secondary authorities. These works will furnish a fuller
account of the matters that have been treated in outline in this book,
indicate the original sources, and give opportunity and suggestions for
further study. An introductory chapter and a series of narrative
paragraphs prefixed to other chapters are given with the object of
correlating matters of economic and social history with other aspects of
the life of the nation.
My obligation and gratitude are due, as are those of all later students, to
the group of scholars who have within our own time laid the
foundations of the study of economic history, and whose names and
books will be found referred to in the bibliographical paragraphs.
EDWARD P. CHEYNEY.
University of Pennsylvania, January, 1901.

CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
Growth Of The Nation To The Middle Of The Fourteenth Century
Page
1. The Geography of England................................. 1
2. Prehistoric Britain...................................... 4
3. Roman Britain............................................ 5
4. Early Saxon England...................................... 8
5. Danish and Late Saxon England........................... 12
6. The Period following the Norman Conquest................ 15
7. The Period of the Early Angevin Kings, 1154-1338........ 22
CHAPTER II
Rural Life and Organization
8. The Mediæval Village.................................... 31
9. The Vill as an Agricultural System...................... 33
10. Classes of People on the Manor.......................... 39
11. The Manor Courts........................................ 45
12. The Manor as an Estate of a Lord........................ 49
13. Bibliography............................................ 52

CHAPTER III
Town Life And Organization
14. The Town Government..................................... 57
15. The Gild Merchant....................................... 59
16. The Craft Gilds......................................... 64
17. Non-industrial Gilds.................................... 71
18. Bibliography............................................ 73
CHAPTER IV
Mediæval Trade And Commerce
19. Markets and Fairs....................................... 75
20. Trade Relations between Towns........................... 79
21. Foreign Trading Relations............................... 81
22. The Italian and Eastern Trade........................... 84
23. The Flanders Trade and the Staple....................... 87
24. The Hanse Trade......................................... 89
25. Foreigners settled in England........................... 90
26. Bibliography............................................ 94
CHAPTER V
The Black Death And The Peasants' Rebellion
Economic Changes of the Later Fourteenth and Early Fifteenth

Centuries
27. National Affairs from 1338 to 1461...................... 96
28. The Black Death and its Effects......................... 99
29. The Statutes of Laborers............................... 106
30. The Peasants' Rebellion of 1381........................ 111
31. Commutation of Services................................ 125
32. The Abandonment of Demesne Farming..................... 128
33. The Decay of Serfdom................................... 129
34. Changes in Town Life