An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England

An Introduction to the Industrial and Social?by Edward Potts Cheyney

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Title: An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
Author: Edward Potts Cheyney

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An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
[Illustration: New Sixteenth Century Manor House with Fields still Open, Gidea Hall, Essex. Nichols: Progresses of Queen Elizabeth.]
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND
by
EDWARD P. CHEYNEY
Professor of European History in the University of Pennsylvania

New York The MacMillan Company London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd. 1916 All rights reserved Copyright, 1901, By The MacMillan Company.
Set up and electrotyped. Published April, 1901. Reprinted January, October, 1905; November, 1906; October, 1907; July, 1908; February, 1909; January, 1910; April, December, 1910; January, August, December, 1911; July, 1912; January, 1913; February, August, 1914; January, November, 1915; April, 1916.

PREFACE
This text-book is intended for college and high-school classes. Most of the facts stated in it have become, through the researches and publications of recent years, such commonplace knowledge that a reference to authority in each case has not seemed necessary. Statements on more doubtful points, and such personal opinions as I have had occasion to express, although not supported by references, are based on a somewhat careful study of the sources. To each chapter is subjoined a bibliographical paragraph with the titles of the most important secondary authorities. These works will furnish a fuller account of the matters that have been treated in outline in this book, indicate the original sources, and give opportunity and suggestions for further study. An introductory chapter and a series of narrative paragraphs prefixed to other chapters are given with the object of correlating matters of economic and social history with other aspects of the life of the nation.
My obligation and gratitude are due, as are those of all later students, to the group of scholars who have within our own time laid the foundations of the study of economic history, and whose names and books will be found referred to in the bibliographical paragraphs.
EDWARD P. CHEYNEY.
University of Pennsylvania, January, 1901.

CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
Growth Of The Nation To The Middle Of The Fourteenth Century Page
1. The Geography of England................................. 1
2. Prehistoric Britain...................................... 4
3. Roman Britain............................................ 5
4. Early Saxon England...................................... 8
5. Danish and Late Saxon England........................... 12
6. The Period following the Norman Conquest................ 15
7. The Period of the Early Angevin Kings, 1154-1338........ 22
CHAPTER II
Rural Life and Organization
8. The Medi?val Village.................................... 31
9. The Vill as an Agricultural System...................... 33
10. Classes of People on the Manor.......................... 39
11. The Manor Courts........................................ 45
12. The Manor as an Estate of a Lord........................ 49
13. Bibliography............................................ 52
CHAPTER III
Town Life And Organization
14. The Town Government..................................... 57
15. The Gild Merchant....................................... 59
16. The Craft Gilds......................................... 64
17. Non-industrial Gilds.................................... 71
18. Bibliography............................................ 73
CHAPTER IV
Medi?val Trade And Commerce
19. Markets and Fairs....................................... 75
20. Trade Relations between Towns........................... 79
21. Foreign Trading Relations............................... 81
22. The Italian and Eastern Trade........................... 84
23. The Flanders Trade and the Staple....................... 87
24. The Hanse Trade......................................... 89
25. Foreigners settled in England........................... 90
26. Bibliography............................................ 94
CHAPTER V
The Black Death And The Peasants' Rebellion
Economic Changes of the Later Fourteenth and Early Fifteenth Centuries
27. National Affairs from 1338 to 1461...................... 96
28. The Black Death and its Effects......................... 99
29. The Statutes of Laborers............................... 106
30. The Peasants' Rebellion of 1381........................ 111
31. Commutation of Services................................ 125
32. The Abandonment of Demesne Farming..................... 128
33. The Decay of Serfdom................................... 129
34. Changes in Town Life and Foreign Trade................. 133
35. Bibliography........................................... 134
CHAPTER VI
The Breaking Up Of The Medi?val System
Economic Changes of the Later Fifteenth and the Sixteenth Centuries
36. National Affairs from 1461 to 1603..................... 136
37. Enclosures............................................. 141
38. Internal Divisions in the Craft Gilds.................. 147
39. Change of Location of Industries....................... 151
40. The Influence of the Government on the Gilds........... 154
41. General Causes and Evidences of the Decay of the Gilds. 159
42. The Growth of Native Commerce.......................... 161
43. The Merchants Adventurers.............................. 164
44. Government