Alphabetical Vocabularies of the Clallum and Lummi | Page 2

numbers, according to the objects denoted. A similar distinction is found in the Makak language, and traces of it, at least, are observable in the Pima. I imagine that by inquiry the fact would be found to exist in other Indian tongues. Singularly enough, this feature also characterizes some of the languages of Micronesia.
[A] Trans. Am. Eth. Soc., vol, i., p. 54.
The affinities of the Clallam and Lummi with the Selish are too obvious to require demonstration. Indeed Dr. Latham has already classed the former with the Shewhapmukh, or, as he terms it, Atna, of Frazer River, the northernmost of the Selish dialects. The term Atna, it may be mentioned, is improperly applied as a family name to these languages, as it is a T��kulli (Athabascan or Chepewyan) word, signifying, according to Mr. A. C. Anderson, "strangers."
These two vocabularies were collected, the first at Port Townshend, during a residence of a few months, the other at Simi��moo Bay, while I was connected with the N. W. Boundary Commission. Neither of them underwent more than a partial revision, and inaccuracies have therefore doubtless crept in. They are, however, sufficiently reliable to afford the basis of extending comparisons with the other Selish and the more northern coast families.
Transcriber's Note: For greater legibility the letters originally marked as a and u have been replaced with ? and �� in the vocabularies, except where this would cause a conflict with an existing diacritical.

VOCABULARY OF THE CLALLAM.
A.
ABOVE, tsits-itl.
ABOARD, si-it-hwu.
AFRAID, s��-si-si.
AGAIN, hon-��ng.
ALIVE, ��-y��.
ALL, o-h��n��na; that's all, aukhk.
ALWAYS, w��t-an-su; I always work, w��t-an-su ch��-ai.
ANKLE, ts��ts-h��-kwi-sun.
ARRIVE at, to, t��ss��tsen.
ARM, ts��i-is.
ARROW, yetcht.
ARROW HEAD, of wood, katstl; of iron, k��m-tin-��i-in; (k��m-t��m, iron.)
AUTUMN, tchin-s��t-le.
AXE, s'k[=u]k-��m��.
B.
BACK, the, stets-i��kw��n.
BAD, kwaukh, s'h��-as.
BARBERRY, "Oregon grape" (berberis), she��tchin.
BARBS of fish spear, ts��-kw��i-ten.
BARK, chai-��kh.
BARNACLE, ts��hngt.
BAT, klat-li-pi-��-han.
BASKET, mo-h��i; cedar bark, t'sh��-ikl; fir root, sp'chu.
BEACH, kokh-hw��ng-u.
BEADS, kw��-kwe.
BEAR, black, s'chi-kw��itsh; grizzly, kw��i-it-shin.
BEAVER, sk��-yau.
BEARD, kw��n-tsen.
BEHIND, il-kw��-us.
BERRIES (generic), s'ch��-y��k-w'tl.
BILBERRY, y��-hum.
BIRDS: Sea ducks (generic), m��-[=o]k. Small land birds (generic), tsit-s��m. Crane, si-��-hu. Crow, skwa-kwa��to. Duck, mallard (a. boschas), te��n��k-sen. Duck, surf (f. perspicillata), kl��-yin. Duck, velvet (f. fusca), ko-mat��sin-hlai. Duck, harlequin (f. histrionica), s��s-s��u. Duck, scaup (f. marila), sw��t-st. Duck, goosander (m. merganser), ko-[=o]kw. Eagles, bald (Haliaetus), kw��i-eng-s'n. Eagles, golden (Aquila), ku-t��it-sin-hu. Goose, y��kh-h��-na. Guillemot, sas-s��-mats. Gulls, kwun-n��, ku-t��-��k. Grebes, kla-��i-kun. Grouse, dusky, gn��-et. ruffed, st��-yu-h[=u]ng. Heron, sn[=o]k-ho. Jay, s'h��ikh-hai. Pigeon, h��m-��kh. Raven, sku-to��. Sandpipers, ske�䨹ks.
BLACK, ��n-��k-��ikh, an-nu-k��ikh.
BLANKET, swi��shi-atl; of dog's hair, sk��m-��ng-��tl.
BLOOD, st��-yu-k��m.
BLUE, k��s-k��s-sho��it, an-nu-kw��-o.
BOARD, se-y't-hu.
BODY, ni-chi-ch��i-ten, n's-tats-kl.
BODY, parts of: Head, sk[=u]ng-i. Hair, si-at��t'n. Face, sats. Ear, skong�䨹s. Eye, k��i-in. Nose, n��k��s'n. Mouth, ts��-ts'n. Tongue, tikh��wh'lts. Teeth, tchin��nis. Beard, kw��n-[=u]t-s'n. Neck, h[=o]ng-en. Arm, ts��i-'s. Elbow, sk[=o]p-hai. Wrist, s'h[=o]ts-kwats. Hand, s'ch-hats��. Fingers, s'ch-hats��. Nails, ts-sh[=u]ts. Breast or Chest, ts��ng-��tl. Woman's Bosom, sk��b-��. Back, stets��i-kw��n. Leg, s'h��n-na. Ankle, tuts-h��-kwi-sun. Foot, kl-t��-s'n. Toes, kl-t��-s'n. Bone, st-zum. Heart, ha-chin-nin��. Blood, sto��yu-k��n. Skin, k��-wi. Penis, shel��la. Testes, ng-at's��n.
BOIL, to, kw��i-yis.
BONE, st-zum.
BORE A HOLE, to, t'sl��k��w��t.
BOTH, ch��-sa.
BOW, s'ho��mo-ten.
BOW-STRING, sul-kw��-tchin.
BOY, sw��-wa-[=u]s, scha-chi-aitl.
BRACELETS, tso��me-chin.
BREAK, to, ti-kw��t��.
BREASTS of woman, sk��b-��.
BRING, to, an-��kh��w; bring that, (imp.) an-akhw ta-s��i-ya.
BROAD, kl-k��t.
BROTHER, elder, s[=u]t-h��-n��k; younger, s��i-tchin.
BUCKET, sk��-t��n.
BUFFALO, kw��isp.
BUY, to, t��-kws.
BURYING GROUND, m��-kwa.
BYE AND BYE, hets.
C.
CANOE, Chinook pattern, o-��t-h��s; Cowitshin do., st��-watl; ducking canoe, sno'h-wh'l.
CARRY, to, ��ng-��t-un.
CARPENTER, worker in wood, skai-��n-hwu.
CATCH, to, kl-kw��t.
CEDAR bark, si-��-we; wood, ts-sh��i.
CHEST or breast, the, ts��ng�䨹tl; chest (box), kl��-y��ks.
CHIEF, si-��m.
CHOP, to, kum-m��t��.
CLAM, quahog (Venus), ski-h��-yu; the large kind (lutraria), sw��-h��m; blue striated species, sk��k-l��i.
CLOUDS, s'hu-n��-w��s.
COCKLE, skl��-y[=o]m.
COD FISH, s'k��-kan.
COLD, kl��-tchi.
COLORS: White, p��k'h. Red, ��n-ts��kw��, an-nu-ts��k��o. Black, ��n-��k-aikh, an-nu-k��ikh. Blue, k��s-k��s-sho��it, an-nu-kwh��-o. Yellow, n��ts-kwai-ye��win, an-nu-kw��i-kwai. Green, ��n-tl��tlkh, an-nu-klikh��tl.
COMB, kl-sing��en.
COME, to, en-��t-sen; I come, an-n��; come you (imp.) an-n��-chi.
COOK ON STONES, to, n[=u]tch-kw��-n��tl.
COPULATE, to, kwat'tl.
CORPSE, k��-i.
COUGAR, kau-��t-sap.
CUP, m��t-kw.
CUTTLE FISH, sk��-m��kw.
CRAB, a-ch��-he.
CRANE, si-��-hu.
CROW, skwa-kw��-to.
CRY, to, h[=o]ng.
D.
DANCE, to, kwoi-��-ish-ten.
DARKNESS, s'ch?t.
DAUGHTER (child), n��ng-��n��na.
DAY, skw��-tchi.
DEAD, k��-i.
DEAD LAND (country of the dead), sn��-n��kw.
DEEP, kletch.
DEER, h[=o]pt, sm��-yis.
DEMON (the primal race), s'hui-��b.
DIG, to, ts��-y��kwt; dig out, to, (e.g. a canoe), k��-hai-yu.
DO, to, ch��-ai.
DOG, sk��-ha; plur. ska-y��-ha.
DOG FISH, s'kwats.
DOOR, so'tl.
DOWN STREAM, kw��-kw[)u].
DREAM, to, (1st pers. ind.) kwi-n��ng-t��t-sen.
DRINK, I, ko-kw��t-sen; (ko, water.)
DRIVE, to, kwi-h��t��l.
DRUNK (i.e. foolish), as-hw��-kwu.
DRY, h��-ching.
DUCK (mallard), t��-n��k-sen.
DULL, n'ko-m[=u]kh.
DUNG, to, k��-ang.
E.
EAR, kw��i-in.
EARTH, land, sh-st��ng��a-wh��n.
EAGLE, bald, kw��i-eng-s'n; golden, ku-t��it-sin-hu.
EAT, to, ts-kwin-s��nt-sen, it-lun.
ECHINUS, skw��t-si.
EGGS, sing-i-��-net.
EIGHT, tats, tats-s��i-ya, tats-h��it-hu.
ELBOW, sk[=o]p-h��i-al-ka.
ELK, kai-y��tsh.
END or point, elks.
EVENING, t��ng-en.
EYE, k��i-in.
EXCHANGE, to, at-sh��-ti.
F.
FACE, sats.
FAR, y��-ye, he-eh.
FATHER, i-��i-in; grandfather, s��-ya.
FEATHERS, s'ch��i.
FIND, to, ch��-n��t-sen.
FINISH, I have finished work, ho-its��na kwin's ch��i.
FINGERS, s'ch-hats.
FIR TREE (abies Douglassii), skai-��i-n��kh, chi-��-chitch; fir bark, tsi��yi.
FIRE, s��-n[=u]ts.
FIRE WOOD, tl-k��ts.
FIRST, i-ch��-yi.
FISH, tsa'kw.
FISH, ETC.: Cod fish, s'k��-kan. Crab, a-ch��-e. Cuttle fish, sk��-m��kw. Dog fish, s'kwats. Flounder, hwau-kw��n. Halibut, s'h[=o]t'h. Herring, kl[=o]ngt. Oulakan, kl��is. Porpoise, s'h��-ma-hens. Salmon (See "salmon"). Sculpin, swan-itl. Shark, kl��-y��k-a-t��t-s'n. Sturgeon, kw't��it-sin. Toad fish, s'chem-��kh.
FISH GIG, sti-��-hu.
FISHING LINE of kelp, schats.
FISH with a line, to, tl-ti-��-is.
FISH WEIR, su-ta-t'hl.
FIVE, kl-katcht, kl-k��t-sh��i-ya, kl-k��t-sh��it'hu.
FLESH, sli-��kw��.
FLOUNDER, flatfish, hwau-kw��n.
FLY, the insect, kli-k��i-a-h��n-na.
FOOT, kl-t��-sn.
FOUR, ng-os, ni-sai-ya, nu-s��it-hu.
FORMERLY, a long time ago, h[=e]ts.
FROM, t��-k[=u]t-s'n.
FULL, es-si-��t-st'l.
G.
GAFF, for salmon, kle-kw��n.
GAMBLING DISKS, sla-hal��l��m.
GET UP, to, ts��t-l��ng.
GIRL, slet-l��t-li-ke.
GIVE, to, ang-at.
GO, I, (1st pers. pres. ind.) hai-��t-sen; go (imp.) ��h'chi; I go there, [=o]ts-na t��-s��i-ya.
GOAT (aploceras), shw��t-le.
GOOD, ��ikh, hatl;