A Political and Social History of Modern Europe | Page 6

and in
the quickening of intellectual activity. It is the foundation of modern
Europe.
The sixteenth century will therefore be the general subject of

Part I of this volume. After reviewing the
geography of Europe about the year
1500, we shall take up in turn the four factors of the century which
have had a lasting influence upon us: (1) socially and
economically--The Commercial Revolution; (2) politically--European

Politics in the Sixteenth Century; (3) religiously and
ecclesiastically--The Protestant Revolt; (4) intellectually--The Culture
of the Sixteenth Century.
ADDITIONAL READING
THE STUDY OF HISTORY. On historical method: C. V. Langlois and
Charles Seignobos, Introduction to the Study of History, trans. by G. G.
Berry (1912); J. M. Vincent, _Historical Research: an Outline of
Theory and Practice_ (1911); H. B. George, Historical Evidence (1909);
F. M. Fling, Outline of Historical Method (1899). Different views of
history: J. H. Robinson, The New History (1912), a collection of
stimulating essays; J. T. Shotwell, suggestive article History in 11th
edition of _Encyclopædia Britannica_; T. B. Macaulay, essay on
_History_; Thomas Carlyle, _Heroes and Hero Worship_; Karl
Lamprecht, _What is History_? trans. by E. A. Andrews (1905). Also
see Henry Johnson, The Teaching of History (1915); Eduard Fueter,
Geschichte der neueren Historiographie (1911); Ernst Bernheim,
Lehrbuch der historischen Methode und der Geschichtsphilosophie, 5th
ed. (1914); G. P. Gooch, History and Historians in the Nineteenth
Century (1913).
TEXTBOOKS AND MANUALS OF MODERN HISTORY. J. H.
Robinson and C. A. Beard, The Development of Modern Europe, 2 vols.
(1907), a political and social narrative from the time of Louis XIV, and
by the same authors, Readings in Modern European History, 2 vols.
(1908-1909), an indispensable sourcebook, with critical bibliographies;
Ferdinand Schevill, A Political History of Modern Europe from the
Reformation to the Present Day (1907); T. H. Dyer, A History of
Modern Europe from the Fall of Constantinople, 3d ed. revised and
continued to the end of the nineteenth century by Arthur Hassall, 6 vols.
(1901), somewhat antiquated but still valuable for its vast store of
political facts; Victor Duruy, History of Modern Times from the Fall of
Constantinople to the French Revolution, trans. by E. A. Grosvenor
(1894), verbose and somewhat uncritical, but usable for French history.
More up-to-date series of historical manuals are now appearing or are
projected by Henry Holt and Company under the editorship of
Professor C. H. Haskins, by The Century Company under Professor G.
L. Burr, by Ginn and Company under Professor J. H. Robinson, and by
Houghton Mifflin Company under Professor J. T. Shotwell: such of

these volumes as have appeared are noted in the appropriate chapter
bibliographies following. The Macmillan Company has published
_Periods of European History,_ 8 vols. (1893-1901), under the
editorship of Arthur Hassall, of which the last five volumes treat of
political Europe from 1494 to 1899; and a more elementary political
series, Six Ages of European History, 6 vols. (1910), under the
editorship of A. H. Johnson, of which the last three volumes cover the
years from 1453 to 1878. Much additional information is obtainable
from such popular series as Story of the Nations (1886 _sqq._), Heroes
of the Nations (1890 _sqq._), and _Home University Library,_ though
the volumes in such series are of very unequal merit. Convenient
chronological summaries are: G. P. and G. H. Putnam, Tabular Views
of Universal History (1914); Carl Ploetz, Manual of Universal History,
trans. and enlarged by W. H. Tillinghast, new edition (1915); _Haydn's
Dictionary of Dates_, 25th ed. (1911); C. E. Little, _Cyclopædia of
Classified Dates_ (1900); Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XIII (1911).
The best atlas--a vitally necessary adjunct of historical study--is either
that of W. R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1911), or that of Ramsay
Muir, _Hammond's New Historical Atlas for Students_, 2d ed. (1915);
a smaller historical atlas is that of E. W. Dow (1907), and longer ones
are Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XIV (1912) and, in German,
Putzger, Historischer Schulatlas. Elaborate treatises on historical
geography: Elisée Reclus, The Universal Geography, trans. and ed. by
E. G. Ravenstein, 19 vols.; _Nouveau Dictionnaire de Géographie
Universelle_, by Vivien de Saint-Martin and Louis Rousselet, 10 vols.
See also H. B. George, The Relations of Geography and History (1910)
and Ellen C. Semple, The Influence of Geographic Environment
(1911).
STANDARD SECONDARY WORKS AND SETS ON MODERN
HISTORY. The Cambridge Modern History, 12 vols. and 2
supplementary vols. (1902-1912), planned by Lord Acton, edited by A.
W. Ward, G. W. Prothero, and Stanley Leathes, written by English
scholars, covering the period from 1450 to 1910, generally sound but
rather narrowly political. Better balanced is the monumental work of a
group of French scholars, _Histoire générale du IVe siècle à nos jours_,
edited by Ernest Lavisse and Alfred Rambaud, 12 vols. (1894-1901), of
which the last nine treat of the years from 1492 to 1900. For