What to See in England | Page 2

London.
In Elizabethan times a "scold" was looked upon in much the same light
as a witch, and this bridle was applied to those women who obtained
for themselves the undesirable reputation.
[Illustration: THE GARDEN FRONT OF HAM HOUSE.]
[Illustration: THE SCOLD'S BRIDLE IN WALTON-ON-THAMES
CHURCH.
"Chester presents Walton with a bridle To curb women's tongues when
they are idle."]

HARROW

=How to get there.=--Train from Euston. L. and N.W. Railway.
=Nearest Station.=--Harrow. =Distance from London.=--11-1/2 miles.
=Average Time.=--1/2 hour.
1st 2nd 3rd =Fares.=--Single 1s. 6d. 1s. 0d. 0s. 9d. Return 2s. 3d. 1s. 6d.
1s. 0d.
=Accommodation Obtainable.=--"King's Head," etc. =Alternative
Routes.=--Train from Baker Street, Metropolitan Railway. Train from
Broad Street, L. and N.W. Railway. Train from Marylebone, Great
Central Railway.
Harrow, from its high position, 200 feet above the sea, was selected by
the Romans as an important military station. By the Saxons it was
called Hereways, and was purchased in 822 by Wilfred, Archbishop of
Canterbury. The ancient manor-house, of which no traces now remain,
was formerly the residence of the Archbishops of Canterbury, and it
was here that Thomas à Becket resided during his banishment from
Court. Cardinal Wolsey, who was once Rector of Harrow, resided at
Pinner, and is said to have entertained Henry VIII. during his visit to
Harrow. The manor was exchanged by Archbishop Cranmer with the
king for other lands, and was subsequently given to Sir Edmund
Dudley, afterwards Lord North.
At the bottom of the hill, and spreading rapidly in all directions, are
quantities of modern houses and villas, but the point of greatest interest
in Harrow is the celebrated school, wonderfully situated on the very
summit of the hill, with views extending over thirteen counties.
Founded in the reign of Queen Elizabeth by John Lyon, a yeoman of
the parish, the school has now grown enormously, the oldest portion
being that near the church, which was erected three years after the
founder's death. In the wainscotting of the famous schoolroom are the
carvings cut by many generations of Harrovians, among them being the
names of Peel, Byron, Sheridan, the Marquess of Hastings, Lord
Normanby, and many others.
The church stands on the extreme summit of the hill, and from the
churchyard the view is simply magnificent. In the building are some

interesting tombs and brasses, and a monument to John Lyon, the
founder of the school.
The grave shown on the opposite page is known as "Byron's tomb," on
account of his fondness for the particular spot it occupied in the
churchyard, from whence the fascinating view just mentioned can be
seen, from the shade of the trees growing on either side.
[Illustration: Photochrom Co., Ltd.
"BYRON'S TOMB" IN HARROW CHURCHYARD.]

HOLWOOD HOUSE, KESTON
THE HOME OF WILLIAM PITT
=How to get there.=--Train from Charing Cross, Cannon Street, and
London Bridge. South-Eastern and Chatham Railway. =Nearest
Station.=--Hayes (2 miles from Keston village). About 3 miles from
Holwood House. =Distance from London.=--12 miles. =Average
Time.=--35 minutes.
1st 2nd 3rd =Fares.=--Single 2s. 0d. 1s. 3d. 1s. 0-1/2d. Return 3s. 3d. 2s.
4d. 1s. 10d.
=Accommodation Obtainable.=--"The Fox Inn," "The George."
=Alternative Route.=--To Orpington Station by the South-Eastern and
Chatham Railway, about 4 miles distant.
Visitors are able to pass through the park on a public footpath.
About 3 miles' walk from Hayes Station by a pleasant road over Hayes
Common is Holwood House, a stately, classic building, for many years
the home of William Pitt, the famous statesman and son of the Earl of
Chatham. He owned the estate between 1785 and 1802, and it was
during this period that the British camp in the park suffered so severely.
The earth-works were occupied by some early British tribe before

Caesar crossed the Channel, and the place probably owed its strength to
its well-chosen position. Pitt, however, caused these fascinating
remains to be levelled to a considerable extent, in order to carry out
some of his ideas of landscape gardening. A magnificent tree growing
near the house is known as "Pitt's Oak," from the tradition that Pitt was
specially fond of spending long periods of quiet reading beneath its
overshadowing boughs. Another tree of more interest still stands quite
near the public footpath through the park. This is known as
"Wilberforce's Oak," and is easily distinguished from the surrounding
trees by the stone seat constructed in its shade. The momentous
decision which makes this tree so interesting is given in Wilberforce's
diary for the year 1788. He writes, "At length, I well remember after a
conversation with Mr. Pitt in the open air at the root of an old tree at
Holwood, just above the steep descent into the vale of Keston, I
resolved to give notice on a fit occasion in the House of Commons of
my intention to bring forward the abolition