Queen Elizabeth knighting Drake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
The Golden Hind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Francis Drake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
The Crowning of Drake in California . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
The Silver Map of the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Captain James Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
The Ice Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
The Death of Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Departure of the Columbia and the Lady Washington . . . 211
Charles Bulfinch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Medals commemorating Columbia and Lady Washington Cruise 215
Building the First American Ship on the Pacific Coast . . . 223
Feather Cloak worn by a son of a Hawaiian Chief, at the celebration in
honor of Gray's return . . . . . . . . . . 226
John Derby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Map of Gray's two voyages, resulting in the discovery of the
Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
A View of the Columbia River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
At the Mouth of the Columbia River . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Ledyard in his Dugout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Captain George Vancouver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
The Columbia in a Squall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
The Discovery on the Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Indian Settlement at Nootka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Reindeer Herd in Siberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Raised Reindeer Sledges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
John Jacob Astor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Sitka from the Sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Alexander Baranof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
{1}
PART I
DEALING WITH THE RUSSIANS ON THE PACIFIC
COAST OF AMERICA--BERING, THE DANE, THE SEA-OTTER
HUNTERS, THE OUTLAWS, AND BENYOWSKY, THE POLISH
PIRATE
{3}
Vikings of the Pacific
CHAPTER I
1700-1743
VITUS BERING, THE DANE
Peter the Great sends Bering on Two Voyages: First, to discover
whether America and Asia are united; Second, to find what lies north of
New Spain--Terrible Hardships of Caravans crossing Siberia for Seven
Thousand Miles--Ships lost in the Mist--Bering's Crew cast away on a
Barren Isle
We have become such slaves of shallow science in these days, such
firm believers in the fatalism which declares man the creature of
circumstance, that we have almost forgotten the supremest spectacle in
life is when man becomes the Creator of Circumstance. We forget that
man can rise to be master of his destiny, fighting, unmaking,
re-creating, not only his own environment, but the environment of
multitudinous lesser men. There is something titanic in such lives. They
are the hero myths of every nation's legends. We {4} somehow feel that
the man who flings off the handicaps of birth and station lifts the whole
human race to a higher plane and has
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