Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 | Page 2

asphaltum, thinned with creosote oil. The heads of piles when cut shall be promptly coated with the hot asphaltum and oil, even though the cut-off be temporary.
METHOD OF TESTING.
The tests were made on a Riehl�� 100,000-lb. machine in the Experimental Engineering Laboratory of Tulane University of Louisiana. The machine is provided with a cast-iron beam for cross-bending tests. The distance between supports was 12 ft. The method of support was as follows: Each end of the beam was provided with a steel roller which rested on the cast-iron beam of the testing machine, while above the roller, and, directly under the beam tested, there was a steel plate 6 by 8 in. in area and 1 in. thick. The area was sufficiently great to distribute the load and prevent the shearing of the fibers of the wood. The head of the Riehl�� machine is 10 in. wide. A plate, 3/8 in. thick, 6 in. wide and 18 in. long, was placed between the head of the machine and the beam tested.
[Illustration: FIG. 1.--DEFLECTON CURVES BEAM I]
[Illustration: FIG. 2.--DEFLECTON CURVES BEAM II]
TABLE 1.--SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF TRANSVERSE TESTS OF BEAMS AT TULANE UNIVERSITY, FEBRUARY 10TH TO MARCH 2D, 1909.
Columns in table:
1. Number of beam. 2. Top or butt of log. 3. Width, in inches. 4. Height, in inches. 5. I = (bh^3)/12 6. Actual at elastic limit. 7. Maximum. 8. At elastic limit. 9. Maximum. 10. At elastic limit. 11. E = (Pl^3)/(48dI) 12. Weight, in pounds per cubic foot.
===========================================================================+ | | b | h | I | LOADS: |S = (Plc)/(4I) | d, | | | | | | | |INCHES.| | |------+-------+-------+-----------------+---------------+-------+ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ------+---+------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+-------+-------+ I | B | 6.28 | 15.94 | 2,120 | 22,000 | 45,900 | 2,975 | 6,200 | 0.41 | I | T | 6.00 | 15.69 | 1,934 | 20,000 | 38,000 | 2,915 | 5,540 | 0.465 | | | | | | | | | | | II[A]| T | 6.37 | 15.81 | 2,098 | 20,000 | 43,450 | 2,722 | 5,918 | 0.380 | II | B | 6.41 | 16.41 | 2,360 | 16,000 | 25,040 | 1,999 | 3,130 | 0.430 | | | | | | | | | | | III | T | 5.88 | 15.68 | 1,871 | 24,000 | 45,130 | 3,608 | 6,785 | 0.535 | III | B | 5.88 | 15.90 | 1,965 | 21,000 | 35,190 | 3,054 | 5,120 | 0.515 | | | | | | | | | | | IV | T | 6.00 | 15.43 | 1,835 | 22,000 | 38,425 | 3,320 | 5,810 | 0.465 | IV | B | 6.12 | 15.87 | 2,032 | 22,000 | 35,500 | 3,090 | 4,983 | 0.660 | | | | | | | | | | | V | B | 6.00 | 16.00 | 2,048 | 22,000 | 47,000 | 3,090 | 6,610 | 0.400 | V[A]| T | 6.00 | 15.87 | 1,999 | 14,000 | 22,050 | 1,998 | 3,145 | 0.315 | | | | | | | | | | | VI[A]| B | 5.50 | 15.75 | 1,790 | 22,000 | 51,330 | 3,484 | 8,925 | 0.450 | VI[A]| T | 5.87 | 15.62 | 1,865 | 20,000 | 44,000 | 3,013 | 6,627 | 0.410 | | | | | | | | | | | VII | B | 6.56 | 15.62 | 2,083 | 34,000 | 51,900 | 4,580 | 6,985 | 0.620 | VII[A]| T | 6.22 | 15.62 | 1,975 | 20,000 | 49,000 | 2,845 | 6,970 | 0.380 | ===========================================================================+
[Footnote A: Failed in longitudinal shear.]
============================================== E | | | | -----------+ | 11 | 12 | Remarks. -----------+------+--------------------------- 1,575,000 | 50.2 | } Close-grained pine, 1,383,000 | 47.5 | } long-leaf. | | 1,562,000 | 40.5 | } Coarse loblolly, 979,000 | 42.2 | } large knots. | | 1,489,000 | 40.4 | } Close-grained, long-leaf 1,288,000 | 44.2 | } no knots. | | 1,601,000 | 40.8 | } Loblolly, with 1,017,000 | 41.5 | } knots. | | 1,670,000 | 47.2 | } Long-leaf yellow 1,382,000 | 42.1 | } pine. | | 1,695,000 | 50.2 | } Long-leaf yellow 1,625,000 | 45.2 | } pine. | | 1,637,000 | 43.7 | } Long-leaf yellow 1,658,000 | 40.2 | } pine. ==============================================
The deflection was measured on both sides of each beam by using silk threads stretched on each side from nails driven about 2 in. above the bottom of the beam and directly over the rollers which formed the supports. From a small piece of wood, tacked to