Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 | Page 7

|E | 84.60 Minimum[F] | 47.00 | 72.00 |E | 119.00 | | Percentage ( = D �� E ). | | Maximum |F | 16.1 Minimum |F | 7.9 ========================================================================
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote E: Giving maximum values of percentage, F.]
[Footnote F: Giving minimum values of percentage, F.]

BEVERLY S. RANDOLPH, M. AM. SOC. C. E. (by letter).--The percentages given by Mr. Purdon would seem to indicate that the length of the grades did not affect the loads in the cases cited, but these percentages are so much below those shown in the table, for similar distances, as to indicate some special conditions which the writer has been unable to find in the text.
The use of the percentage of weight on drivers which is utilized in traction as a measure of the efficiency of the locomotive, while, probably, not applicable to individual machines, is sound for the purposes of comparison of results to be obtained on various portions of a line as far as affected by conditions of grade and alignment. It has the advantage of disregarding questions of temperature, condition of track, character of fuel, etc., which, being the same on all portions of the line, naturally balance and do not affect the comparison. It is, of course, simply a method of expressing the final efficiency of the various parts of the locomotive, and, since it depends entirely on actual results already accomplished, leaves no room for difference of opinion or theoretical error.
The writer has always considered an "under-cylindered" locomotive as a defective machine. All weight is a distinct debit, in the shape of wear and tear of track and running gear, resistance due to gravity on grades, interest on cost, etc. When this weight fails to earn a credit in the way of tractive efficiency, it should not be present.
The statement relative to the performance of locomotives on "Hill C" is interesting, especially in that it appears to have been immaterial whether they made a dead start after stopping at the station or approached the foot of the hill at 16 to 18 miles per hour. The momentum would appear to be an insignificant factor.
It is gratifying to note that Mr. Trautwine has been able to brace up the weak member of Table 1 so completely with his detailed data; also that his other results strengthen the conclusions reached in the paper.
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote A: "The Economic Theory of Railway Location," 1887 edition, p. 502.]
[Footnote B: Transactions, Am. Soc. C. E., Vol. L, p. 1.]
[Footnote C: "Nearly 200 tons exclusive of eng. & ten." (Vol. III, p. 176-1/10.)]
[Footnote D: American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association, Bulletin 84, February, 1907, p. 99.]

End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. LXX, Dec. 1910, by Beverly S. Randolph
*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS ***
***** This file should be named 18747-8.txt or 18747-8.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/1/8/7/4/18747/
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Sigal Alon and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will be renamed.
Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at http://gutenberg.org/license).
Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide