Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work | Page 2

Methods--Practical Work in Biological
Teaching--Invention of the Type System--Science in Medical
Education--Science and Culture.
CHAPTER XI
GENERAL PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION 188
Establishment of Compulsory Education in England--The Religious
Controversy--Huxley Advocates the Bible without Theology--His
Compromise on the "Cowper-Temple" Clause--Influence of the New
Criticism--Science and Art Instruction--Training of
Teachers--University Education--The Baltimore Address--Technical
Education--So-called "Applied Science"--National Systems of
Education as "Capacity-Catchers."
CHAPTER XII
CITIZEN, ORATOR, AND ESSAYIST 204

Huxley's Activity in Public Affairs--Official in Scientific
Societies--Royal Commissions--Vivisection--Characteristics of his
Public Speaking--His Method of Exposition--His
Essays--Vocabulary--Phrase-Making--His Style Essentially One of
Ideas.
CHAPTER XIII
THE OPPONENT OF MATERIALISM 218
Science and Metaphysics--Berkeley, Hume, and Hobbes--Existence of
Matter and Mind--Descartes's Contribution--Materialism and
Idealism--Criticism of Materialism--Berkeley's Idealism--Criticism of
Idealism--Empirical Idealism--Materialism as opposed to
Supernaturalism--Mind and Brain--Origin of Life--Teleology, Chance,
and the Argument from Design.
CHAPTER XIV
FREEDOM OF THOUGHT 232
Authority and Knowledge in Science--The Duty of Doubt--Authority
and Individual Judgment in Religion--The Protestant Position--Sir
Charles Lyell and the Deluge--Infallibility--The Church and
Science--Morality and Dogma--Civil and Religious
Liberty--Agnosticism and Clericalism--Meaning of
Agnosticism--Knowledge and Evidence--The Method of Agnosticism.
CHAPTER XV
THE BIBLE AND MIRACLES 245
Why Huxley Came to Write about the Bible--A Magna Charta of the
Poor--The Theological Use of the Bible--The Doctrine of Biblical
Infallibility--The Bible and Science--The Three Hypotheses of the
Earth's History--Changes in the Past Proved--The Creation
Hypothesis--Gladstone on Genesis--Genesis not a Record of Fact--The

Hypothesis of Evolution--The New Testament--Theory of
Inspiration--Reliance on the Miraculous--The Continuity of Nature no
a priori Argument against Miracles---Possibilities and
Impossibilities--Miracles a Question of Evidence--Praise of the Bible.
CHAPTER XVI
ETHICS OF THE COSMOS 261
Conduct and Metaphysics--Conventional and Critical Minds--Good and
Evil--Huxley's Last Appearance at Oxford--The Ethical Process and the
Cosmic Process--Man's Intervention--The Cosmic Process
Evil--Ancient Reconciliations--Modern Acceptance of the
Difficulties--Criticism of Huxley's Pessimism--Man and his Ethical
Aspirations Part of the Cosmos.
CHAPTER XVII
CLOSING DAYS AND SUMMARY 275
Huxley's Life in London--Decennial Periods--Ill-health--Retirement to
Eastbourne--Death--Personal Appearance--Methods of Work--Personal
Characteristics--An Inspirer of Others--His Influence in Science--A
Naturalist by Vocation--His Aspirations.
INDEX 287

ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY--From a photograph by London
Stereoscopic Company Frontispiece THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY,
1857--_Reproduced by permission from "Natural Science," vol. vii.,
No. 42_ 64
SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER--_From a photograph by Elliott and
Fry, London_ 98

CHARLES DARWIN--_From the painting by Hon. John Collier in the
National Portrait Gallery_ 146
SIR CHARLES LYELL--From a photograph by London Stereoscopic
Company 236
CARICATURE OF HUXLEY DRAWN BY HIMSELF--_Reproduced
by permission from "Natural Science," vol. vii., No. 46._ 276

LIST OF HUXLEY'S WRITINGS
This list is offered, not as a bibliography in the technical sense, but as
an indication of the sources in which the vast majority of Huxley's
scientific and general work may be consulted most conveniently.
The Scientific Memoirs of Thomas Henry Huxley. Edited by Professor
Sir Michael Foster and Professor E. Ray Lankester; in four volumes.
London, Macmillan & Co.; New York, D. Appleton.
This magnificent collection is intended to contain all Huxley's original
scientific papers, brought together from the multitude of scientific
periodicals in which they appeared, with reproductions of the original
illustrations. The only exception is the monograph on Oceanic
Hydrozoa. The first volume appeared in 1898; the second in 1899, and
the others are to follow quickly.
_Collected Essays by T.H. Huxley_; nine volumes of the Eversley
Series. Macmillan & Co. London, 1893-95.
This set, edited by Huxley himself, contains the more important of his
more general contributions to science and his literary, philosophical,
and political and critical essays. Each volume has a preface specially
written, and the first volume contains his autobiography.
_The Oceanic Hydrozoa_; a description of the Calycophoridæ and
Physophoridæ observed during the Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake in
the years 1846-50, with a general introduction. Ray Society. London,

1859.
_Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature_. Williams & Norgate. London,
1863.
_On our Knowledge of the Causes of Organic Phenomena_; being Six
Lectures to Working Men. Hardwicke. London, 1863.
Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy. On the
Classification of Animals and the Vertebrate Skull. Churchill & Sons.
London, 1864.
An Elementary Atlas of Comparative Osteology. In twelve plates.
Williams & Norgate. London, 1864.
Lessons in Elementary Physiology. Macmillan & Co. London, 1866.
An Introduction to the Classification of Animals. Churchill. London,
1869.
A Manual of the Anatomy of Vertebrated Animals. Churchill. London,
1871.
A Course of Practical Instruction in Elementary Biology, assisted by
H.N. Martin. Macmillan. London, 1875.
A Manual of the Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals. Churchill. London,
1877.
_Lay Sermons, Essays, and Reviews_. Macmillan. London, 1877.
_American Addresses, with a Lecture on the Study of Biology_.
Macmillan. London, 1877.
_Physiography, an Introduction to the Study of Zoölogy_. International
Scientific Series. Kegan Paul. London, 1880.
Introductory Primer. Science Primers. Macmillan. London, 1880.

The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin. Edited by his son, Francis
Darwin. Volume II., with Chapter V. by Professor Huxley on the
Reception of the Origin