The Story of the Barbary Corsairs | Page 3

152, 153
ENGAGEMENT BETWEEN A SPANISH GALLEON AND A DUTCH SHIP 165
ARABIC ASTROLABE (TWO POSITIONS) 170, 171
TUNIS IN 1573 183
SAL[=E] IN 1637 189
FIGHT OF THE "MARY ROSE" WITH ALGERINE PIRATES, 1669 197
GALLEY RUNNING BEFORE THE WIND 203
STAGES IN BUILDING A GALLEY 207
PLAN AND SECTIONS OF A GALLEY 209
HOLD OF A GALLEY 211
GALLEASSE OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 227
ANCHOR 232
TORMENTS OF THE SLAVES 237
TORMENTS OF THE SLAVES 239
FATHERS OF THE REDEMPTION 249
TRIPOLI 281
[*.*] These illustrations are chiefly reproduced from La Sphère des deux Mondes, composée en Fran?ois, par Darinel pasteur des Amadis, Anvers, 1555; Furttenbach's Architectura Navalis, 1629; Dan's Histoire de Barbarie, 1637; Ogilby's Africa, 1670; Adm. Jurien de la Gravière's Derniers Jours de la Marine à Rames; and the maps [63842. (3.)--S. 9. 9. (39).--S. 10. 2.--64162. (2.)--64043. (1.)] in the British Museum.

LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES CONSULTED.
Bat[=u]ta, Ibn-: Voyages. Ed. Defrémery. 4 vols. Paris. 1874-9.
Braithwaite, J.: History of the Revolutions in the Empire of Morocco upon the death of the late Emperor Muley Ishmael. 1729.
Brant?me, P. de Bourdeille, Seign. De.: Hommes illustres, [OE]uvres. Vols. 1 and 2. Paris. 1822.
Broadley, A. M.: Tunis, Past and Present. 2 vols. 1882.
Celesia, E.: Conspiracy of Fieschi. E. T. 1866.
Cervantes: Don Quixote. Trans. H. E. Watts. 5 vols. 1888-9.
Chenier, L. S.: Present State of the Empire of Morocco. E. T. 1788. Cruelties of the Algerine Pirates. 1816.
Dan, Père F.: Histoire de Barbarie et de ses Corsaires. 2nd ed. Paris. 1649.
Eur[=i]s[=i], El-: Description de l'Afrique et de l'Espagne. Ed. Dozy and De Goeje. Leyden. 1866.
Froissart, J.: Chronicles. Trans. T. Johnes. 2 vols. 1844.
Furttenbach, J.: Architectura Navalis: das ist, Von dem Schiff-Gebaw, auf dem Meer und Seekusten zu Gebrauchen. Ulm. 1629.
Gravière, Adm. Jurien de la: Les Derniers Jours de la Marine à Rames. Paris. 1885. " : Doria et Barberousse. 1886. " : Les Corsaires Barbaresques. 1887. " : Les Chevaliers de Malte. 2 vols. 1887. " : La Guerre de Chypre. 2 vols. 1888.
Grammont, H.: Histoire d'Alger. 1887.
Haedo, Diego de: Topographia e Historia General de Argel. Valladolid. 1612.
H[=a]jji Khal[=i]fa: History of the Maritime Wars of the Turks.
Hammer, J. von.: Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches. 2nd ed. 4 vols. Pesth. 1834-6.
Journal Asiatique: Ser. II., iv., xii.; III., xi., xii., xiii.; IV., iii., v., vii., x., xviii.; V., ii., v., vi., xii., xiii.; VI., xviii.; VII., vii.
Marmol, Luys del Caravajal: Descripcion de Africa. Granada. 1573.
Mas-Latrie, Comte de: Relations et commerce de l'Afrique Septentrionale (ou Magreb) avec les nations chrétiennes au moyen age. Paris. 1886.
Morgan, J.: A complete History of Algiers. 1731.
Playfair, Sir R. L.: The Scourge of Christendom. 1884.
Reclus, Elisée: Nouvelle Géographie Universelle. XI. Paris.
Registre des Prises. Algiers. 1872.
Rousseau, Baron A.: Annales Tunisiennes. Algiers. 1864. " : History of the Conquest of Tunis by the Ottomans. 1883.
Shaw, T.: Travels in Barbary and the Levant. 3rd ed. Edinb. 1808.
Windus, J.: Journey to Mequinez. 1725.

INTRODUCTION.

THE BARBARY CORSAIRS.

I.
THE REVENGE OF THE MOORS.
For more than three centuries the trading nations of Europe were suffered to pursue their commerce or forced to abandon their gains at the bidding of pirates. From the days when Barbarossa defied the whole strength of the Emperor Charles V., to the early part of the present century, when prizes were taken by Algerine rovers under the guns, so to say, of all the fleets of Europe, the Corsairs were masters of the narrow seas, and dictated their own terms to all comers. Nothing but the creation of the large standing navies of the present age crippled them; nothing less than the conquest of their too convenient coasts could have thoroughly suppressed them. During those three centuries they levied blackmail upon all who had any trading interest in the Mediterranean. The Venetians, Genoese, Pisans in older days; the English, French, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, and American Governments in modern times, purchased security by the payment of a regular tribute, or by the periodical presentation of costly gifts. The penalty of resistance was too well known to need exemplification; thousands of Christian slaves in the bagnios at Algiers bore witness to the consequences of an independent policy. So long as the nations of Europe continued to quarrel among themselves, instead of presenting a united line of battle to the enemy, such humiliations had to be endured; so long as a Corsair raid upon Spain suited the policy of France; so long as the Dutch, in their jealousy of other states, could declare that Algiers was necessary to them; there was no chance of the plague subsiding; and it was not till the close of the great Napoleonic wars that the Powers agreed, at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, to act together, and do away with the scourge of Christendom. And even then little was accomplished till France combined territorial aggrandizement with the r?le of a civilizing influence.
[Illustration: GALLEON OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.
(Jurien de la Gravière.)]
There had been pirates in the Mediterranean long