The Siouan Indians | Page 4

the latter name their
common appellation seems to be a corruption); on Fort Berthold

reservation, North Dakota, comprising in 1804 (according to Lewis and
Clark(15)) three villages--
a. Matootonha. b. Rooptahee. c. ----------(Eapanopa's village).
6. Hidatsa
A. Hidatsa (their own name, the meaning of which is uncertain, but
appears to refer to a traditional buffalo pannch connected with the
division of the group, though supposed by some to refer to "willows");
formerly called Minitari ("Cross the water," or, objectionally, Gros
Ventres); on Fort Berthold reservation, North Dakota, comprising in
1796 (according to information gained by Matthews(16)) three
villages--
a. Hidatsa. b. Amatìlia ("Earth-lodge [village]"?). c. Amaliami
("Mountain-country [people]"?).
B. Crow or Ab-sa´-ru-ke, on the Crow reservation, Montana.
7. Biloxi
A. Biloxi ("Trifling" or "Worthless" in Choctaw) or Ta-neks´
Han-ya-di´ ("Original people" in their own language); partly in Rapides
parish, Louisiana; partly in Indian Territory, with the Choctaw and
Caddo. B. Paskagula ("Bread people" in Choctaw), probably extinct.
C. ?Moctobi (meaning unknown), extinct. D. ?Chozetta (meaning
unknown), extinct.
8. Monakan
Monakan confederacy.
A. Monakan ("Country [people of?]"), ? extinct. B. Meipontsky
(meaning unknown), extinct. C. ?Mahoc (meaning unknown), extinct.
D. Nuntaneuck or Nuntaly (meaning unknown), extinct. E. Mohetan
("People of the earth"?), extinct.
Tutelo.

A. Tutelo or Ye-san´ (meaning unknown), probably extinct. B. Saponi
(meaning unknown), probably extinct. (According to Mooney, the
Tutelo and Saponi tribes were intimately connected or identical, and
the names were used interchangeably, the former becoming more
prominent after the removal of the tribal remnant from the Carolinas to
New York.(17)) C. Occanichi (meaning unknown), probably extinct.
?Manahoac confederacy, extinct.
A. Manahoac (meaning unknown). B. Stegarake (meaning unknown).
C. Shackakoni (meaning unknown). D. Tauxitania (meaning unknown).
E. Ontponi (meaning unknown). F. Tegniati (meaning unknown). G.
Whonkenti (meaning unknown). H. Hasinninga (meaning unknown).
9. Catawba or Ni-ya ("People")
A. Catawba (meaning unknown; they called themselves Ni-ya, "Men"
in the comprehensive sense), nearly extinct. B. Woccon (meaning
unknown), extinct. C. ? Sissipahaw (meaning unknown), extinct. D. ?
Cape Fear (proper name unknown), extinct. E. ? Warrennuncock
(meaning unknown), extinct. F. ? Adshusheer (meaning unknown),
extinct. G. ? Eno (meaning unknown), extinct. H. ? Shocco (meaning
unknown), extinct. I. ? Waxhaw (meaning unknown), extinct. J. ?
Sugeri (meaning unknown), extinct. K. Santee (meaning unknown). L.
Wateree (derived from the Catawba word wateran, "to float in the
water"). M. Sewee (meaning unknown). N. Congaree (meaning
unknown).
10. Sara (extinct)
A. Sara ("Tall grass"). B. Keyauwi (meaning unknown).
11. ? Pedee (extinct)
A. Pedee (meaning unknown). B. Waccamaw (meaning unknown). C.
Winyaw (meaning unknown). D. "Hooks" and "Backhooks"(?).
The definition of the first six of these divisions is based on extended

researches among the tribes and in the literature representing the work
of earlier observers, and may be regarded as satisfactory. In some cases,
notably the Dakota confederacy, the constitution of the divisions is also
satisfactory, though in others, including the Asiniboin, Mandan, and
Winnebago, the tabulation represents little more than superficial
enumeration of villages and bands, generally by observers possessing
little knowledge of Indian sociology or language. So far as the
survivors of the Biloxi are concerned the classification is satisfactory;
but there is doubt concerning the former limits of the division, and also
concerning the relations of the extinct tribes referred to on slender, yet
the best available, evidence. The classification of the extinct and nearly
extinct Siouan Indians of the east is much less satisfactory. In several
cases languages are utterly lost, and in others a few doubtful terms
alone remain. In these cases affinity is inferred in part from geographic
relation, but chiefly from the recorded federation of tribes and union of
remnants as the aboriginal population faded under the light of brighter
intelligence; and in all such instances it has been assumed that
federation and union grew out of that conformity in mode of thought
which is characteristic of peoples speaking identical or closely related
tongues. Accordingly, while the grouping of eastern tribes rests in part
on meager testimony and is open to question at many points, it is
perhaps the best that can be devised, and suffices for convenience of
statement if not as a final classification. So far as practicable the names
adopted for the tribes, confederacies, and other groups are those in
common use, the aboriginal designations, when distinct, being added in
those cases in which they are known.
The present population of the Siouan stock is probably between 40,000
and 45,000, including 2,000 or more (mainly Asiniboin) in Canada.

TRIBAL NOMENCLATURE
In the Siouan stock, as among the American Indians generally, the
accepted appellations for tribes and other groups are variously derived.
Many of the Siouan tribal names were, like the name of the stock,
given by alien peoples, including white men, though most are founded

on the descriptive or other designations used in the groups