The Second William Penn | Page 5

give them food. His action in
refusing food resulted in a mutiny on the part of the teamsters, and after
the oxen were turned out to graze, the dispute between the teamsters
and the wagon-boss became so turbulent that if a few peaceably
inclined drivers had not arraigned themselves on the side of the
wagon-boss he would have been lynched.
Before daylight the Indians returned and attacked the wagons and killed
all the whites but one man who escaped down the bank into the river.

He floated down until he was out of hearing of the Indians. When he
was almost worn out and half frozen he got out of the river, wrung the
water from his clothing and started for Fort Larned, seventy-five miles
distant. After leaving the water he noticed a fire, and knew instinctively
that the Indians had set fire to their wagons, and wondered how many,
if any, of the company had escaped as he had so far done.
Late in the afternoon of the next day a troop of soldiers discovered this
man several miles from Fort Larned in an almost exhausted condition,
dropping down and getting up again. The commanding officer sent out
some soldiers and brought him to the fort. I talked with this man, and
he told me that if the wagon-boss had given the Indians something to
eat, entertained them a little, or given them the smallest hospitality, he
believed they would all have been saved from that massacre.
He said the Indians plead with the wagon-boss for food, and he thought
if the teamster had not lost his equanimity and made that first luckless
shot the massacre of the Nine Mile Ridge would never have become a
thing of history.
This tragedy created a great fright and made traveling across the plains
difficult. The Indians were hostile only because they did not know the
minds of the white men, and what their attitude toward them would be,
if they were not always prepared to defend themselves. Therefore the
people traveling on the plains in trains amassed themselves together for
protection, and the people at Fort Larned with their soldiers were very
much wrought up over the atrocious murders and the destruction of
property all along the whole Western frontier. In time of war one false
step may cause the death of hundreds. In this case the commanding
officer of the fort took the precaution to send out runners to call the
Indians together to the fort, in order to learn, if possible, the cause of
this fearful massacre and to get their statement concerning their action.
The two Indians who came in verified the statement of the ox-driver,
and declared that if the teamster had not killed their inoffensive warrior
who only asked for something to eat there would have been no trouble
at all from them.

In defense of the Indian I will say that the people in general were all the
time seeking to abuse him. In almost all instances where I have read of
Indian troubles I have noticed that at all times it grew out of the fact
that the whites invariably raised the trouble and were always the
aggressors. Nevertheless, newspaper reports and any other report for
that matter, laid the blame at the door of the wigwam of the red man of
the forest.
It is my opinion that most of the trouble on the frontier was uncalled for.
The white man learned to fear the Indians always, when there was no
attempt on the part of the Indian to do him harm. Many times while I
was crossing the plains have bands of from thirty to forty Indians or
more come to us, catching up with us or passing us by. Had I not
understood them and their intentions as well as I did we would more
than likely have had trouble with them or have suffered severe
inconvenience. We never thought of fear when they were going along
the road, and many times I would call them when I would camp for
meals to come and get a cup of coffee. They would go back with us to
camp. We did not care what their number was, we would always divide
our provisions with them. If there were a large number of Indians, and
our provisions were scarce, I would tell them so, but also tell them that
notwithstanding that fact I still had some for them. Then if they only
got a few sups of coffee around and a little piece of bread they were
always profoundly grateful and satisfied that we had done our best.
In order to let them know we were scarce of bread, etc., I would say,
"poka te keta pan;" in the Mexican language that is interpreted "very