The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government | Page 3

York Tribune," etc.
CHAPTER VIII.
Conference with the Governor of Mississippi.--The Author censured as "too slow."--Summons to Washington.--Interview with the President.--His Message.--Movements in Congress.--The Triumphant Majority.--The Crittenden Proposition.--Speech of the Author on Mr. Green's Resolution.--The Committee of Thirteen.--Failure to agree.--The "Republicans" responsible for the Failure.--Proceedings in the House of Representatives.--Futility of Efforts for an Adjustment.--The Old Year closes in Clouds.
CHAPTER IX.
Preparations for Withdrawal from the Union.--Northern Precedents.--New England Secessionists.--Cabot, Pickering, Quincy, etc.--On the Acquisition of Louisiana.--The Hartford Convention.--The Massachusetts Legislature on the Annexation of Texas, etc., etc. 70
CHAPTER X.
False Statements of the Grounds for Separation.--Slavery not the Cause, but an Incident.--The Southern People not "Propagandists" of Slavery.--Early Accord among the States with regard to African Servitude.--Statement of the Supreme Court.--Guarantees of the Constitution.--Disregard of Oaths.--Fugitives from Service and the "Personal Liberty Laws."--Equality in the Territories the Paramount Question.--The Dred Scott Case.--Disregard of the Decision of the Supreme Court.--Culmination of Wrongs.--Despair of their Redress.--Triumph of Sectionalism.

PART II.
THE CONSTITUTION.
CHAPTER I.
The Original Confederation.--"Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union."--Their Inadequacy ascertained.--Commercial Difficulties.--The Conference at Annapolis.--Recommendation of a General Convention.-- Resolution of Congress.--Action of the Several States.--Conclusions drawn therefrom.
CHAPTER II.
The Convention of 1787.--Diversity of Opinion.--Luther Martin's Account of the Three Parties.--The Question of Representation.--Compromise effected.--Mr. Randolph's Resolutions.--The Word "National" condemned.--Plan of Government framed.--Difficulty with Regard to Ratification, and its Solution.--Provision for Secession from the Union.--Views of Mr. Gerry and Mr. Madison.--False Interpretations.-- Close of the Convention.
CHAPTER III.
Ratification of the Constitution by the States.--Organization of the New Government.--Accession of North Carolina and Rhode Island.-- Correspondence between General Washington and the Governor of Rhode Island.
CHAPTER IV.
The Constitution not adopted by one People "in the Aggregate."--A Great Fallacy exposed.--Mistake of Judge Story.--Colonial Relations.--The United Colonies of New England.--Other Associations.--Independence of Communities traced from Germany to Great Britain, and from Great Britain to America.--Mr. Everett's "Provincial People."--Origin and Continuance of the Title "United States."--No such Political Community as the "People of the United States."
CHAPTER V.
The Preamble to the Constitution.--"We, the People."
CHAPTER VI.
The Preamble to the Constitution--subject continued.--Growth of the Federal Government and Accretions of Power.--Revival of Old Errors.--Mistakes and Misstatements.--Webster, Story, and Everett.--Who "ordained and established" the Constitution?
CHAPTER VII.
Verbal Cavils and Criticisms.--"Compact," "Confederacy," "Accession," etc.--The "New Vocabulary."--The Federal Constitution a Compact, and the States acceded to it.--Evidence of the Constitution itself and of Contemporary Records.
CHAPTER VIII.
Sovereignty
CHAPTER IX.
The same Subject continued.--The Tenth Amendment.--Fallacies exposed.--"Constitution," "Government," and "People" distinguished from each other.--Theories refuted by Facts.--Characteristics of Sovereignty.--Sovereignty identified.--Never thrown away.
CHAPTER X.
A Recapitulation.--Remarkable Propositions of Mr. Gouverneur Morris in the Convention of 1787, and their Fate.--Further Testimony.--Hamilton, Madison, Washington, Marshall, etc.--Later Theories.--Mr. Webster: his Views at Various Periods.--Speech at Capon Springs.--State Rights not a Sectional Theory.
CHAPTER XI.
The Right of Secession.--The Law of Unlimited Partnerships.--The "Perpetual Union" of the Articles of Confederation and the "More Perfect Union" of the Constitution.--The Important Powers conferred upon the Federal Government and the Fundamental Principles of the Compact the same in both Systems.--The Right to resume Grants, when failing to fulfill their Purposes, expressly and distinctly asserted in the Adoption of the Constitution.
CHAPTER XII.
Coercion the Alternative to Secession.--Repudiation of it by the Constitution and the Fathers of the Constitutional Era.--Difference between Mr. Webster and Mr. Hamilton.
CHAPTER XIII.
Some Objections considered.--The New States.--Acquired Territory.--Allegiance, false and true.--Difference between Nullification and Secession.--Secession a Peaceable Remedy.--No Appeal to Arms.--Two Conditions noted.
CHAPTER XIV.
Early Foreshadowings.--Opinions of Mr. Madison and Mr. Rufus King.--Safeguards provided.--Their Failure.--State Interposition.--The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.--Their Endorsement by the People in the Presidential Elections of 1800 and Ensuing Terms.--South Carolina and Mr. Calhoun.--The Compromise of 1833.--Action of Massachusetts in 1843-'45.--Opinions of John Quincy Adams.--Necessity for Secession.
CHAPTER XV.
A Bond of Union necessary after the Declaration of Independence.--Articles of Confederation.--The Constitution of the United States.--The Same Principle for obtaining Grants of Power in both.--The Constitution an Instrument enumerating the Powers delegated.--The Power of Amendment merely a Power to amend the Delegated Grants.--A Smaller Power was required for Amendment than for a Grant.--The Power of Amendment is confined to Grants of the Constitution.--Limitations on the Power of Amendment.

PART III.
SECESSION AND CONFEDERATION.
CHAPTER I.
Opening of the New Year.--The People in Advance of their Representatives.--Conciliatory Conduct of Southern Members of Congress.--Sensational Fictions.--Misstatements of the Count of Paris.--Obligations of a Senator.--The Southern Forts and Arsenals.--Pensacola Bay and Fort Pickens.--The Alleged "Caucus" and its Resolutions.--Personal Motives and Feelings.--The Presidency not a Desirable Office.--Letter from the Hon. C. C. Clay.
CHAPTER II.
Tenure of Public Property ceded by the States.--Sovereignty and Eminent Domain.--Principles asserted by Massachusetts, New York, Virginia, and other States.--The Charleston Forts.--South Carolina sends Commissioners to Washington.--Sudden Movement of Major Anderson.--Correspondence of the Commissioners with the President.--Interviews of the Author with Mr. Buchanan.--Major Anderson.--The Star of the West.--The President's Special Message.--Speech of the Author in the Senate.--Further Proceedings and Correspondence relative to Fort Sumter.--Mr. Buchanan's Rectitude in Purpose and Vacillation in Action.
CHAPTER III.
Secession of Mississippi and Other States.--Withdrawal of Senators.--Address of the Author on taking Leave of the Senate.--Answer to Certain