The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 | Page 3

J. Ward, F.E.S.
TRYPANOSOMA GAMBIENSE 69 Reproduced by permission of The Quart. Journ. Mic. Sci.
VOLVOX 69
PROTEROSPONGIA 69
GREEN HYDRA 72 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING THE BEGINNING OF INDIVIDUAL LIFE 72
EARTHWORM 72 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
GLASS MODEL OF A SEA-ANEMONE 72 Reproduced from the Smithsonian Report, 1917.
THIS DRAWING SHOWS THE EVOLUTION OF THE BRAIN FROM FISH TO MAN 73
OKAPI AND GIRAFFE (Coloured Illustration) 74
DIAGRAM OF A SIMPLE REFLEX ARC IN A BACKBONELESS ANIMAL LIKE AN EARTHWORM 76
THE YUCCA MOTH 76 Photo: British Museum (Natural History).
INCLINED PLANE OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR 76
VENUS' FLY-TRAP 77 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
A SPIDER SUNNING HER EGGS 77 Reproduced by permission from The Wonders of Instinct by J. H. Fabre.
THE HOATZIN INHABITS BRITISH GUIANA 82
PERIPATUS 83 Photograph, from the British Museum (Natural History), of a drawing by Mr. E. Wilson.
ROCK KANGAROO CARRYING ITS YOUNG IN A POUCH 83 Photo: W. S. Berridge, F.Z.S.
PROFESSOR THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY (1825-95) 86 Photo: Rischgitz.
BARON CUVIER, 1769-1832 86
AN ILLUSTRATION SHOWING VARIOUS METHODS OF FLYING AND SWOOPING 87
ANIMALS OF THE CAMBRIAN PERIOD 90 From Knipe's Nebula to Man.
A TRILOBITE 90 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
THE GAMBIAN MUD-FISH, PROTOPTERUS 91 Photo: British Museum (Natural History).
THE ARCH?OPTERYX 91 After William Leche of Stockholm.
WING OF A BIRD, SHOWING THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE FEATHERS 91
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF STRATA OF THE EARTH'S CRUST, WITH SUGGESTIONS OF CHARACTERISTIC FOSSILS (Coloured Illustration) 92
FOSSIL OF A PTERODACTYL OR EXTINCT FLYING DRAGON 94 Photo: British Museum (Natural History).
PARIASAURUS: AN EXTINCT VEGETARIAN TRIASSIC REPTILE 94 From Knipe's Nebula to Man.
TRICERATOPS: A HUGE EXTINCT REPTILE 95 From Knipe's Nebula to Man.
THE DUCKMOLE OR DUCK-BILLED PLATYPUS OF AUSTRALIA 95 Photo: Daily Mail.
SKELETON OF AN EXTINCT FLIGHTLESS TOOTHED BIRD, HESPERORNIS 100 After Marsh.
SIX STAGES IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE HORSE, SHOWING GRADUAL INCREASE IN SIZE 101 After Lull and Matthew.
DIAGRAM SHOWING SEVEN STAGES IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE FORE-LIMBS AND HIND-LIMBS OF THE ANCESTORS OF THE MODERN HORSE, BEGINNING WITH THE EARLIEST KNOWN PREDECESSORS OF THE HORSE AND CULMINATING WITH THE HORSE OF TO-DAY 104 After Marsh and Lull.
WHAT IS MEANT BY HOMOLOGY? ESSENTIAL SIMILARITY OF ARCHITECTURE, THOUGH THE APPEARANCES MAY BE VERY DIFFERENT 105
AN EIGHT-ARMED CUTTLEFISH OR OCTOPUS ATTACKING A SMALL CRAB 116
A COMMON STARFISH, WHICH HAS LOST THREE ARMS AND IS REGROWING THEM 116 After Professor W. C. McIntosh.
THE PAPER NAUTILUS (ARGONAUTA), AN ANIMAL OF THE OPEN SEA 117 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
A PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING A STARFISH (Asterias Forreri) WHICH HAS CAPTURED A LARGE FISH 117
TEN-ARMED CUTTLEFISH OR SQUID IN THE ACT OF CAPTURING A FISH 118
GREENLAND WHALE 118
MINUTE TRANSPARENT EARLY STAGE OF A SEA-CUCUMBER 119
AN INTRICATE COLONY OF OPEN-SEA ANIMALS (Physophora Hydrostatica) RELATED TO THE PORTUGUESE MAN-OF-WAR 119 Photo: British Museum (Natural History).
A SCENE IN THE GREAT DEPTHS 119
SEA-HORSE IN SARGASSO WEED 120
LARGE MARINE LAMPREYS (Petromyzon Marinus) 120
THE DEEP-SEA FISH Chiasmodon Niger 120
DEEP-SEA FISHES 120
FLINTY SKELETON OF VENUS' FLOWER BASKET (Euplectella), A JAPANESE DEEP-SEA SPONGE 121
EGG DEPOSITORY OF Semotilus Atromaculatus 121
THE BITTERLING (Rhodeus Amarus) 124
WOOLLY OPOSSUM CARRYING HER FAMILY 124 Photo: W. S. Berridge.
SURINAM TOAD (Pipa Americana) WITH YOUNG ONES HATCHING OUT OF LITTLE POCKETS ON HER BACK 125
STORM PETREL OR MOTHER CAREY'S CHICKEN (Procellaria Pelagica) 125
ALBATROSS: A CHARACTERISTIC PELAGIC BIRD OF THE SOUTHERN SEA 128
THE PRAYING MANTIS (Mantis Religiosa) 138
PROTECTIVE COLORATION: A WINTER SCENE IN NORTH SCANDINAVIA 138
THE VARIABLE MONITOR (Varanus) 139 Photo: A. A. White.
BANDED KRAIT: A VERY POISONOUS SNAKE WITH ALTERNATING YELLOW AND DARK BANDS 140 Photo: W. S. Berridge, F.Z.S.
THE WARTY CHAMELEON 140 Photos: W. S. Berridge, F.Z.S.
SEASONAL COLOUR-CHANGE: SUMMER SCENE IN NORTH SCANDINAVIA 141
PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCE 142 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
WHEN ONLY A FEW DAYS OLD, YOUNG BITTERN BEGIN TO STRIKE THE SAME ATTITUDE AS THEIR PARENTS, THRUSTING THEIR BILLS UPWARDS AND DRAWING THEIR BODIES UP SO THAT THEY RESEMBLE A BUNCH OF REEDS 143
PROTECTIVE COLORATION OR CAMOUFLAGING, GIVING ANIMALS A GARMENT OF INVISIBILITY (Coloured Illustration) 144
ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF PROTECTIVE COLORATION (Coloured Illustration) 144
DEAD-LEAF BUTTERFLY (Kallima Inachis) FROM INDIA 146
PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN A SMALL SPIDER (to the left) AND AN ANT (to the right) 146
THE WASP BEETLE, WHICH, WHEN MOVING AMONGST THE BRANCHES, GIVES A WASP-LIKE IMPRESSION 147 Photo: J. J. Ward, F.E.S.
HERMIT-CRAB WITH PARTNER SEA-ANEMONES 147
CUCKOO-SPIT 147 Photo: G. P. Duffus.
CHIMPANZEE, SITTING 156 Photo: New York Zoological Park.
CHIMPANZEE, ILLUSTRATING WALKING POWERS 156 Photo: New York Zoological Park.
SURFACE VIEW OF THE BRAINS OF MAN AND CHIMPANZEE 157
SIDE-VIEW OF CHIMPANZEE'S HEAD 157 Photo: New York Zoological Park.
PROFILE VIEW OF HEAD OF PITHECANTHROPUS, THE JAVA APE-MAN, RECONSTRUCTED FROM THE SKULL-CAP 157 After a model by J. H. McGregor.
THE FLIPPER OF A WHALE AND THE HAND OF A MAN 157
THE GORILLA, INHABITING THE FOREST TRACT OF THE GABOON IN AFRICA (Coloured Illustration) 158
"DARWIN'S POINT" ON HUMAN EAR 160
PROFESSOR SIR ARTHUR KEITH, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. 161 Photo: J. Russell & Sons.
SKELETONS OF THE GIBBON, ORANG, CHIMPANZEE, GORILLA, MAN 161 After T. H. Huxley (by permission of Messrs. Macmillan).
SIDE-VIEW OF SKULL