The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4

The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4

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Volume 4, by Cicero This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net
Title: The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4
Author: Cicero
Release Date: February 14, 2004 [EBook #11080]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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THE
ORATIONS
OF
MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO
LITERALLY TRANSLATED BY
C.D. YONGE, M.A.
FELLOW OF THE ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, ETC.
VOL. IV.
CONTAINING
THE FOURTEEN ORATIONS AGAINST MARCUS ANTONIUS; TO WHICH ARE APPENDED THE TREATISE ON RHETORICAL INVENTION; THE ORATOR; TOPICS; ON RHETORICAL PARTITIONS, ETC.

1903
[Reprinted from Stereotype plates.]

CONTENTS.
The Fourteen Orations against M. Antonius, called Philippics:--
The First Philippic
The Second Philippic
The Third Philippic
The Fourth Philippic
The Fifth Philippic
The Sixth Philippic
The Seventh Philippic
The Eighth Philippic
The Ninth Philippic
The Tenth Philippic
The Eleventh Philippic
The Twelfth Philippic
The Thirteenth Philippic
The Fourteenth Philippic
* * * * *
TREATISE ON RHETORICAL INVENTION:--
Book I.
Book II.
THE ORATOR
TREATISE on TOPICS
A DIALOGUE CONCERNING ORATORICAL PARTITIONS
TREATISE ON THE BEST STYLE OF ORATORS
THE FOURTEEN ORATIONS OF M.T. CICERO AGAINST MARCUS ANTONIUS, CALLED PHILIPPICS.
THE FIRST PHILIPPIC.
THE ARGUMENT
When Julius, or, as he is usually called by Cicero Caius Caesar was slain on the 15th of March, A.U.C. 710, B.C. 44 Marcus Antonius was his colleague in the consulship, and he, being afraid that the conspirators might murder him too, (and it is said that they had debated among themselves whether they would or no) concealed himself on that day and fortified his house, till perceiving that nothing was intended against him, he ventured to appear in public the day following. Lepidus was in the suburbs of Rome with a regular army, ready to depart for the government of Spain, which had been assigned to him with a part of Gaul. In the night, after Caesar's death he occupied the forum with his troops and thought of making himself master of the city, but Antonius dissuaded him from that idea and won him over to his views by giving his daughter in marriage to Lepidus's son, and by assisting him to seize on the office of Pontifex Maximus, which was vacant by Caesar's death.
To the conspirators he professed friendship, sent his son among them as a hostage of his sincerity, and so deluded them, that Brutus supped with Lepidus, and Cassius with Antonius. By these means he got them to consent to his passing a decree for the confirmation of all Caesar's acts, without describing or naming them more precisely. At last, on the occasion of Caesar's public funeral, he contrived so to inflame the populace against the conspirators, that Brutus and Cassius had some difficulty in defending their houses and their lives and he gradually alarmed them so much, and worked so cunningly on their fears that they all quitted Rome. Cicero also left Rome, disapproving greatly of the vacillation and want of purpose in the conspirators. On the first of June Antonius assembled the senate to deliberate on the affairs of the republic, and in the interval visited all parts of Italy. In the meantime young Octavius appeared on the stage; he had been left by Caesar, who was his uncle, the heir to his name and estate. He returned from Apollonia, in Macedonia, to Italy as soon as he heard of his uncle's death, and arrived at Naples on the eighteenth of April, where he was introduced by Hirtius and Pansa to Cicero, whom he promised to be guided in all respects by his directions. He was now between eighteen and nineteen years of age.
He began by the representation of public spectacles and games in honour of Caesar's victories. In the meantime Antonius, in his progress through Italy, was making great use of the decree confirming all Caesar's acts, which he interpolated and forged in the most shameless manner. Among other things he restored Deiotarus to all his dominions, having been bribed to do so by a hundred millions of sesterces by the king's agents, but Deiotarus himself, as soon as he heard of Caesar's death, seized all his dominions by force. He also seized the public treasure which Caesar had deposited in the temple of Ops, amounting to above four millions and a half of our money, and with this he won over Dolabella,[1] who had seized the consulship on the death of Caesar, and the greater part of the army.
At the end of May Cicero began to return towards Rome, in order to arrive there in time for the meeting of the senate on the first of June, but many of his friends dissuaded him from entering the city, and at last he determined