The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction | Page 2

blue seems emblem true Of love's own constancy."
The maiden spake, and no more the lake In slumb'ring stillness lay, For
from the side of his destin'd bride The knight has pass'd away; In vain
the maid's soft words essay'd His rash pursuit to stay.
He has reach'd the tower, and pluck'd the flower. And turn'd from the
verdant spot. Ah, hapless knight! some Naiad bright Woo'd thee to her
coral grot; And forbids that more to touch that shore Shall ever be thy
lot.
Vainly he tried to gain the side, Where knelt his lady-love; Flagg'd
every limb, his eyes grew dim, But still the spirit strove. One effort
more--he flings to shore The flow'r so dear to prove. 'Tis past! 'tis past!
that look his last, That fond sad glance of love The bubbling wave his
farewell gave In the moan, "Forget me not."
D.A.H
The above incident occurred in the time of Edward IV.
* * * * *
HAVER BREAD.
(To the Editor of the Mirror.)

In the MIRROR, No. 358, the article headed "Memorable Days," the
writer, in that part of which the Avver Bread is treated of, says it is
made of oats leavened and kneaded into a large, thin, round cake,
which is placed upon a girdle over the fire; adding, that he is totally at a
loss for a definition of the word Avver; that he has sometimes thought
avver, means oaten; which I think, correct, it being very likely a
corruption of the French, avoine, oats; introduced among many others,
into the Scottish language, during the great intimacy which formerly
existed between France and Scotland; in which latter country a great
many words were introduced from the former, which are still in use;
such as gabart, a large boat, or lighter, from the French gabarre; bawbee,
baspiece, a small copper coin; vennell, a lane, or narrow street, which
still retains its original pronunciation and meaning. Enfiler la vennel; a
common figurative expression for running away is still in use in France.
Apropos of vennell, Dr. Stoddard, in a "Pedestrian Tour through the
Land of Cakes," when a young man, says he could not trace its
meaning in any language, (I speak from memory) also made the same
observation where I was; being at that time on intimate terms with the
doctor, I pointed out to him its derivation from the Latin into the
French, and thence, probably, into the Scotch; the embryo L.L.D. stared,
and seemed chagrined, at receiving such information from a
CREOLE.
P.S. In no part of Great Britain, I believe, is oaten bread so much used
as in Scotland; from whence the term, "The Land of Cakes is derived."
In some parts of France, Pain d'avoine has been in use in my time.
* * * * *
EPITOME OF THE CRUSADES.
(For the Mirror.)
The first Crusade[1] to the Holy Land was undertaken by numerous
Christian princes, who gained Jerusalem after it had been in possession
of the Saracens four hundred and nine years. Godfrey, of Boulogne,
was then chosen king by his companions in arms; but he had not long

enjoyed his new dignity, before he had occasion to march out against a
great army of Turks and Saracens, whom he overthrew, and killed one
hundred thousand of their men, besides taking much spoil. Shortly after
this victory, a pestilence happened, of which multitudes died; and the
contagion reaching Godfrey, the first Christian King of Jerusalem, he
also expired, on the 18th of July, 1100, having scarcely reigned a full
year.
Godfrey's successors, the Baldwins, defeated the Turks in many
engagements. In the reign of Baldwin III., however, the Christians lost
Edessa, a circumstance which affected Pope Eugenius III. to such a
degree, that he prevailed on Conrad III., Emperor of Germany, to
relieve his brethren in Syria. In the year 1146, therefore, Conrad
marched through Greece, and soon afterwards encountered the Turkish
army, which he routed; he then proceeded to Iconium, the principal seat
of the Turks in Lesser Asia; but, for want of provisions and health, was
compelled to relinquish his design of taking that city, and to return
home. Much about the same period, Lewis VIII., of France, made an
expedition to the Holy Land, but was wholly unsuccessful in his
attempts against the enemy. Notwithstanding these failures, King
Baldwin, relying on his own strength, gained possession of Askalon,
and defeated the Turks in numerous actions. Previous to his death,
which was caused by poison, in 1163, he was the victorious sovereign
of Jerusalem and the greatest part of Syria.
During the reign of Baldwin IV., Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, invaded
Palestine, and took several towns, notwithstanding the valour of the
Christians. In the succeeding reign of King Guy, however, the
Christians, still unfortunate, received