The Journal of Negro History, Volume 5, 1920 | Page 9

of the Negro (The Nation, 100, 1915, p. 443); Jesse Lawson, How to Solve the Race Problem (Report of the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States, Washington, D. C., 1904); William Mathews, The Negro Intellect (North American Review, 149, 1889, p. 91); More Testimony on Negro Migration (Survey, July 14, 1917, p. 340); National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes, Bulletin, Vol. V, No. 1, November, 1915; Michael E. Sadler, Education of the Colored Race (Great Britain Educational Department, Special Reports of, 1902, Volume II); Charles Dudley Warner, The Education of the Negro (American Journal of Social Science, 38, 1900, p. 1); Booker T. Washington, Fifty Years of Progress (Forum 55, 1916, pp. 269-79); Monroe N. Work, The Negro Year Book (Nashville, Sunday School Union Print, 1915).
[2] Woodson, The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861, p. 24.
[3] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 104; Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 16.
[4] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 104.
[5] Washington, My Larger Education, p. 241.
[6] Sadler, Gr. Britain Edu. Reports, p. 537.
[7] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 16.
[8] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 94.
[9] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 103.
[10] Ibid., p. 102.
[11] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 21.
[12] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 135.
[13] Ibid., 137.
[14] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 94.
[15] Work, Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 201.
[16] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 139.
[17] Ibid., p. 141.
[18] Ibid., p. 168.
[19] Ibid., p. 140.
[20] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 22.
[21] Washington, The Negro Problem, p. 19.
[22] Stephenson, Race Distinction in American Law, p. 189.
[23] Ibid., p. 154.
[24] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 20.
[25] Ibid., p. 27.
[26] Hart, The Southern South, p. 310.
[27] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 96.
[28] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 108.
[29] Ibid., p. 96.
[30] Work, Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 223.
[31] Baily, Race Orthodoxy, pp. 273-280.
[32] Hart, Southern South, p. 324.
[33] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 98.
[34] Hart, Southern South, p. 294.
[35] Washington, My Larger Education, p. 191.
[36] Ibid., p. 152.
[37] Ibid., p. 146.
[38] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 127.
[39] Work, The Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 216.
[40] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 129.
[41] DuBois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 16, p. 128.
[42] Brawley, The Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 147
[43] Washington, The Negro Problem, p. 20.
[44] Ibid., p. 22.
[45] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 153.
[46] Ibid., p. 142.
[47] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 145.
[48] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 15, p. 45.
[49] Ibid., p. 54.
[50] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 15, p. 46.
[51] Ibid., p. 28.
[52] Ibid., p. 57.
[53] Work, The Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 229.
[54] Work, The Negro Yearbook, p. 235
[55] Washington, Working with the Hands, p. 72.
[56] Brawley, History of the Negro, p. 174.
[57] Ibid., p. 169.
[58] Du Bois, Atlanta U. Pub. No. 14, p. 18.
[59] Washington, My Larger Education, p. 310.
[60] Ibid., p. 139.
[61] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 87.
[62] Bailey, Race Orthodoxy in the South, p. 265.
[63] Hart, The Southern South, p. 319.
[64] Ibid., p. 326.
[65] Ibid., p. 327.
[66] Bailey, Race Orthodoxy in the South, p. 269.
[67] Hart, The Southern South, p. 327.
[68] Work, Negro Yearbook, 1915, p. 226.
[69] Ibid., p. 226.
[70] Hart, The Southern South, p. 294.
[71] Ibid., p. 292.
[72] Washington in the Forum, p. 270.
[73] Review of Reviews, p. 318.
[74] Review of Reviews, p. 319.
[75] Ibid., p. 319.
[76] Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 110.
[77] Washington and Du Bois, The Negro in the South, p. 64.
[78] Ibid., p. 71.
[79] Washington, Working with the Hands, p. 239.
[80] Washington and Du Bois, The Negro in the South, p. 61.

THE NEGRO MIGRATION TO CANADA AFTER THE PASSING OF THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT
When President Fillmore signed the Fugitive Slave Bill[1] on September 18, 1850, he started a Negro migration that continued up to the opening of the Civil War, resulting in thousands of people of color crossing over into Canada and causing many thousands more to move from one State into another seeking safety from their pursuers. While the free Negro population of the North increased by nearly 30,000 in the decade after 1850, the gain was chiefly in three States, Ohio, Michigan and Illinois. Connecticut had fewer free people of color in 1860 than in 1850 and there were half a dozen other States that barely held their own during the period. The three States showing gains were those bordering on Canada where the runaway slave or the free man of color in danger could flee when threatened. It is estimated that from fifteen to twenty thousand Negroes entered Canada between 1850 and 1860, increasing the Negro population of the British provinces from about 40,000 to nearly 60,000. The greater part of the