The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century | Page 3

His Reception.--His Return.--His Second Mission.--Warnings of
Danger.-- Rage of the Mohawks.--Murder of Jogues.
CHAPTER XXI
.
1646, 1647.
ANOTHER WAR.
Mohawk Inroads.--The Hunters of Men.--The Captive Converts.-- The
Escape of Marie.--Her Story.--The Algonquin Prisoner's Revenge.--
Her Flight.--Terror of the Colonists.--Jesuit Intrepidity.

CHAPTER XXII
.
1645-1651.
PRIEST AND PURITAN.
Miscou.--Tadoussac.--Journeys of De Quen.--Druilletes.-- His Winter
with the Montagnais.--Influence of the Missions.-- The
Abenaquis.--Druilletes on the Kennebec.--His Embassy to Boston.--
Gibbons.--Dudley.--Bradford.--Eliot.--Endicott.-- French and Puritan
Colonization.--Failure of Druilletes's Embassy.-- New
Regulations.--New-Year's Day at Quebec.
CHAPTER XXIII
.
1645-1648.
A DOOMED NATION.
Indian Infatuation.--Iroquois and Huron.--Huron Triumphs.-- The
Captive Iroquois.--His Ferocity and Fortitude.--Partisan Exploits.--
Diplomacy.--The Andastes.--The Huron Embassy.--New
Negotiations.-- The Iroquois Ambassador.--His Suicide.--Iroquois
Honor.
CHAPTER XXIV
.
1645-1648.
THE HURON CHURCH.
Hopes of the Mission.--Christian and Heathen.--Body and Soul.--
Position of Proselytes.--The Huron Girl's Visit to Heaven.--A Crisis.--
Huron Justice.--Murder and Atonement.--Hopes and Fears.
CHAPTER XXV
.
1648, 1649.
SAINTE MARIE.
The Centre of the
Missions.--Fort.--Convent.--Hospital.--Caravansary.-- Church.--The

Inmates of Sainte Marie.--Domestic Economy.--Missions.-- A Meeting
of Jesuits.--The Dead Missionary.
CHAPTER XXVI
.
1648.
ANTOINE DANIEL.
Huron Traders.--Battle at Three Rivers.--St. Joseph.-- Onset of the
Iroquois.--Death of Daniel.--The Town destroyed.
CHAPTER XXVII
.
1649.
RUIN OF THE HURONS.
St. Louis on Fire.--Invasion.--St. Ignace captured.-- Brébeuf and
Lalemant.--Battle at St. Louis.--Sainte Marie threatened.-- Renewed
Fighting.--Desperate Conflict.--A Night of Suspense.-- Panic among
the Victors.--Burning of St. Ignace.-- Retreat of the Iroquois.
CHAPTER XXVIII
.
1649.
THE MARTYRS.
The Ruins of St. Ignace.--The Relics found.--Brébeuf at the Stake.--
His Unconquerable Fortitude.--Lalemant.--Renegade Hurons.--
Iroquois Atrocities.--Death of Brébeuf.--His Character.-- Death of
Lalemant.
CHAPTER XXIX
.
1649, 1650.
THE SANCTUARY.
Dispersion of the Hurons.--Sainte Marie abandoned.--Isle St. Joseph.--
Removal of the Mission.--The New Fort.--Misery of the
Hurons.--Famine.-- Epidemic.--Employments of the Jesuits.
CHAPTER XXX

.
1649.
GARNIER.--CHABANEL.
The Tobacco Missions.--St. Jean attacked.--Death of Garnier.-- The
Journey of Chabanel.--His Death.--Garreau and Grelon.
CHAPTER XXXI
.
1650-1652.
THE HURON MISSION ABANDONED.
Famine and the Tomahawk.--A New Asylum.-- Voyage of the
Refugees to Quebec.--Meeting with Bressani.-- Desperate Courage of
the Iroquois.--Inroads and Battles.-- Death of Buteux.
CHAPTER XXXII
.
1650-1866.
THE LAST OF THE HURONS.
Fate of the Vanquished.-- The Refugees of St. Jean Baptiste and St.
Michel.-- The Tobacco Nation and Its Wanderings.--The Modern
Wyandots.-- The Biter Bit.--The Hurons at Quebec.--Notre-Dame de
Lorette.
CHAPTER XXXIII
.
1650-1670.
THE DESTROYERS.
Iroquois Ambition.--Its Victims.--The Fate of the Neutrals.-- The Fate
of the Eries.--The War with the Andastes.-- Supremacy of the Iroquois.
CHAPTER XXXIV
.
THE END.
Failure of the Jesuits.--What their Success would have involved.--
Future of the Mission.

INTRODUCTION.
NATIVE TRIBES.
DIVISIONS.--THE ALGONQUINS.--THE HURONS.--THEIR
HOUSES.--
FORTIFICATIONS.--HABITS.--ARTS.--WOMEN.--TRADE.--FESTI
VITIES.-- MEDICINE.--THE TOBACCO NATION.--THE
NEUTRALS.--THE ERIES.-- THE ANDASTES.--THE
IROQUOIS.--SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION.--
IROQUOIS INSTITUTIONS, CUSTOMS, AND CHARACTER.--
INDIAN RELIGION AND SUPERSTITIONS.--THE INDIAN MIND.
America, when it became known to Europeans, was, as it had long been,
a scene of wide-spread revolution. North and South, tribe was giving
place to tribe, language to language; for the Indian, hopelessly
unchanging in respect to individual and social development, was, as
regarded tribal relations and local haunts, mutable as the wind. In
Canada and the northern section of the United States, the elements of
change were especially active. The Indian population which, in 1535,
Cartier found at Montreal and Quebec, had disappeared at the opening
of the next century, and another race had succeeded, in language and
customs widely different; while, in the region now forming the State of
New York, a power was rising to a ferocious vitality, which, but for the
presence of Europeans, would probably have subjected, absorbed, or
exterminated every other Indian community east of the Mississippi and
north of the Ohio.
The vast tract of wilderness from the Mississippi to the Atlantic, and
from the Carolinas to Hudson's Bay, was divided between two great
families of tribes, distinguished by a radical difference of language. A
part of Virginia and of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Southeastern New
York, New England, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Lower Canada
were occupied, so far as occupied at all, by tribes speaking various
Algonquin languages and dialects. They extended, moreover, along the
shores of the Upper Lakes, and into the dreary Northern wastes beyond.
They held Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana, and detached
bands ranged the lonely hunting-round of Kentucky.
[ The word Algonquin is here used in its broadest signification. It was
originally applied to a group of tribes north of the River St. Lawrence.
The difference of language between the original Algonquins and the

Abenaquis of New England, the Ojibwas of the Great Lakes, or the
Illinois of the West, corresponded to the difference between French and
Italian, or Italian and Spanish. Each of these languages, again, had its
dialects, like those of different provinces of France. ]
Like a great island in the midst of the Algonquins lay the country of
tribes speaking the generic tongue of the Iroquois. The true Iroquois, or
Five Nations, extended through Central