The Jacobite Rebellions | Page 2

"Memoirs" 43 C. THE BATTLE OF SHERIFFMUIR Keith's "Memoir"
45 D. THE OLD PRETENDER Sinclair's "Memoirs" 48 1716. E.
COLLAPSE OF THE REBELLION Rae's "History" 50 F.
HARSHNESS OF THE GOVERNMENT "Culloden Papers" 54
1718. THE SCOTTISH CAPITAL Macky's "Journey through
Scotland" 56 1719. THE JACOBITE ATTEMPT OF 1719 Keith's
"Memoir" 60 1725. ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND CONTRASTED
Macky's "Journey through Scotland" 65 THE MALT TAX "The
Lockhart Papers" 67 1726. GENERAL WADE'S ROADS Burt's
"Letters" 70 1735. SCOTTISH GARDENING Cockburn's "Letters to
His Gardener" 74 1736. THE PORTEOUS RIOTS Carlyle's
"Autobiography" 77 1742. THE "CAMBUSLANG WARK"
"Statistical Account of Scotland" 81
THE "FORTY-FIVE": 1745. A. PRINCE CHARLES LANDS IN
SCOTLAND "Culloden Papers" 83 B. RAISING THE PRINCE'S
STANDARD Murray's "Memorials" 85 C. THE CAPTURE OF
EDINBURGH Home's "History" 86 D. PRINCE CHARLES AT
HOLYROOD Home's "History" 89 E. THE BATTLE OF
PRESTONPANS Murray's "Memorials" 91 F. "JOHNNIE COPE"
Mackay's "Jacobite Songs" 95 G. INVASION OF ENGLAND Blaikie's
"Itinerary" 97 1746. H. THE BATTLE OF FALKIRK "Lockhart
Papers" 99 I. RETREAT TO THE NORTH "The Lyon in Mourning"
102 J. THE EVE OF CULLODEN "Memoirs of Strange and
Lumisden" 104 K. THE BATTLE "Memoirs of Strange and Lumisden"
107 L. THE PRINCE A FUGITIVE "The Lyon in Mourning" 111 M.
FLORA MACDONALD "The Lyon in Mourning" 113 N. CHARLES
AT CLUNY'S "CAGE" Home's "History" 117

THE JACOBITE REBELLIONS
(1689-1746)

STATE OF PARTIES IN SCOTLAND (1689).
+Source.+--Memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland, from the Dissolution
of the Last Parliament of Charles II. until the Sea-Battle off La Hogue,
vol. i., p. 215, by Sir John Dalrymple, Bart. (London and Edinburgh:
1771.)
Of those who had offered their services to William for the settlement of
Scotland, three were eminent above the rest: the Duke of Hamilton, the
Marquis of Athole, and Lord Stair. The Duke of Hamilton had
disapproved of the measures of the late reign, but without publicly
opposing them. He had observed the same cautious conduct with regard
to the parties of his countrymen. He took advantage of his rank to
attend none of those public cabals in which all party-measures had been
conducted in Scotland, from the time of the tables of the covenant; and,
by that singularity, appeared to be of no party, at the same time when
he was dealing in private with all parties. Son of the illustrious house of
Douglas, married to the heiress of the house of Hamilton, related to the
royal family, and to most of the crowned heads of Europe, in
succession in right of his wife to the crown of Scotland, at a time when
the ancient families of Scotland were of importance in the scale of
government, because they were of importance in their own country, his
pre-eminence was seen by William, and perhaps feared. He had been
entrusted with none of the secrets of the revolution from the ambiguity
of his conduct. Yet he took a violent side against King James upon his
first retreat, but made apologies to that Prince's friends, so soon as he
heard of his return. William, therefore, affected to show him the highest
honours, cajolling him by those arts which the Duke was in use to
employ upon others. From hence, and from the vanity of pre-eminence,
he had consented to preside in the Assembly at London, which offered
the Prince the administration of government. And hence, William gave

him all the influence of the court, to be president of that convention
which was to make the offer of government itself.
The Marquis of Athole was a subject of great consequence, because his
estate and power lay in the heart of the highlands. He had concurred in
all the measures of the two royal brothers, and had been loaded with
favours and honours by both. Yet, upon news of James's retreat, he
flew, from restlessness of temper more than from principle, to London,
while Scotland was yet in disquiet; resolved, amid contending Princes,
to make the best terms for himself. He almost alone, of all those who
went to London to offer their service to the Prince of Orange, returned
home discontented; because his views had been too sanguine, and
because he was ashamed of what he had done. His repentance he made
offer of to the friends of James in Scotland, which was received, and
thanked in public, but in secret distrusted.
Lord Stair had none of the external advantages of the other two. Yet,
from great reach of thought, and through knowledge of men and parties
gained from experience, he came to be a considerable figure in party....
Upon the restoration he attached himself to the Duke of Lauderdale.
The furies of that minister he often moderated, and often opposed,
openly when he could, secretly when he could not; yet still preserved
his friendship.