The Influence of India and Persia on the Poetry of Germany | Page 6

English tr. in R.H. Major, India in the Fifteenth Century, London, 1857. Hakluyt Society, No. 22.
[15] Hans Schiltbergers Reisebuch ed. Val. Langmantel (BLVS. vol. 172) Tübingen, 1885, p. 79: "In der grossen India pin ich nicht gewesen...."
[16] Ibid. p. 164.
[17] Friedr. Kunstmann, Die Kenntnis Indiens im 15^ten Jahrhunderte, München, 1863, p. 59; Major, op. cit. p. 31.
[18] See Albert Bovenschen, Quellen für die Reisebeschreibung des Joh. v. Mandeville, Berl. 1888.
[19] See Gr?sse, J.G.Th., Lehrbuch einer allgem. Liter?rgesch., 9 vols., Dresd. u. Leipz. 1837-59, Vol. II. pt. 2, pp. 783-785.
[20] Latin text publ. by Oswald Zingerle as an appendix to Die Quellen zum Alexander des Rudolf v. Ems in Weinhold Germ. Abhandl. Breslau. 1885, pt. iv.
[21] Das Buch der Beispiele der alten Weisen, ed. Wilh. Ludw. Holland, Stuttg. 1860, BLVS. vol. 56.
[22] Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 562-632. Joseph Langen, Johannes von Damaskus, Gotha, 1879, pp. 239-255, esp. p. 252, n. 1.
[23] Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 216-219.
[24] Vetter, Lehrhafte Litteratur des 14. u. 15. Jahrhunderts (KDNL. vol. 12), I. pp. 496-499. For a bibliography of this poem see C. Beyer, Nachgelassene Ged. Friedr. Rückert's, Wien, 1877, pp. 311-320. For a translation of the version in the Mahabharata see Boxberger, Rückert Studien, p. 94 seq. A translation of a Buddhist sutta on the same subject is given in Edm. Hardy, Indische Religionsgeschichte, Leipz. 1898, pp. 72, 73. Cf. also E. Kuhn, in B?htlingks Festgruss, Stuttg. 1888, pp. 74, 75.
[25] Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 531, 532. See also Hagen, Gesammtabenteuer, i. LXXXV and n. 2.
[26] Edited by Keller, Quedl. 1841. See art. by Goedeke in Orient und Occident, iii. 2. pp. 385 seq.
[27] See edition by Koschwitz, in Altfranz. Bibl., vol. ii. p. 7 seq., and consult Gaston Paris, La Poésie du Moyen Age, Paris, 1887, p. 119 seq.
[28] See ed. Adelb. von Keller, Stuttg. 1858 (BLVS. vol. 45), pp. 507 seq. Cf. also Uhland's K?nig Karls Meerfart.
[29] Jiriczek, Die deutsche Heldensage, Leipz. 1897, pp. 144, 153.
[30] On this see Karl Bartsch, Herzog Ernst, Wien, 1869, Einl. p. cliii.
[31] Bartsch, op. cit. p. 204 seq. and p. 279 seq.
[32] See ed. Bartsch, Tüb. 1871 (BLVS. vol. 108), ll. 16749 seq.
[33] Piper, H.E. iii. p. 389.
[34] Piper, H.E. ii. p. 530 seq.
[35] See ed. by Heinr. Rückert, Quedlinb. u. Leipz. 1858, l. 7141 seq. p. 189.
[36] Piper, Spielmannsdichtung, I. p. 215. See also ed. by Hagen u. Büsching in Ged. d. Mittel., Berl. 1808, i. l. 6.
[37] Piper, Wolfr. v. Eschenbach (KDNL, vol. 5), I. p. 214.
[38] See ed. v. Keller, Stuttg. 1858 (BLVS. vol. 44), ll. 24840, 24939, pp. 296, 298.
[39] Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 299, 300.
[40] Piper, H.E. ii. p. 325.
[41] Piper, Die geistliche Dichtung des Mittelalters (KDNL. vol. 3), ii. pp. 71, 72.
[42] See ed. Bartsch (KDNL. vol. 6), pp. 26, 27.
[43] Piper, H.E. ii. p. 222.
[44] See ed. Bartsch, l. 15067, p. 440.
[45] See ed. by Hagen in Ged. d. Mittel. i. p. 46, l. 4462 seq.
[46] Das Nibelungenlied, ed. Friedr. Zarncke, Leipz. 1894, p. 62, v. 3.
[47] Piper, Spielm., p. 30.
[48] Piper, Wolfr. v. Eschenbach, i. p. 208; cf. Dante's Paradiso, cant. 29, ll. 100-102.
CHAPTER II.
FROM THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES TO THE TIME OF SIR WILLIAM JONES.
Travels to India and Persia--Olearius and his Work--Progress of Persian Studies--Roger--India's Language and Literature remain unknown--Oriental Influence in German Literature.
Little can be said of Oriental influence on German poetry during the next three centuries after the Great Age of Discovery, and in an investigation like the one in hand, which confines itself to poetry only, this chapter might perhaps be omitted. Nevertheless a brief consideration of this influence on German literature in general during this period forms an appropriate transition to the time when the Oriental movement in Germany really began.
After the Portuguese had sailed around Africa, direct and uninterrupted communication with the far East was established. Portuguese, Dutch, French and English merchants appeared successively on the scene to get their share of the rich India commerce. German merchants also made a transitory effort. The firm of the Welsers in Augsburg sent two representatives who accompanied the expedition of Francisco d' Almeida in 1505 and that of Trist?o da Cunha in the following year. But conditions were not favorable and the attempt was not renewed.[49]
Travels to India and Persia now multiplied rapidly, and accounts of such travels became very common; so common, in fact, that already in the sixteenth century collections of them were made, the best known being the Novus Orbis of Grynaeus, and the works of Ramusio and Hakluyt. Among the more famous travellers of the sixteenth century we may mention Barthema, Federici, Barbosa, Fitch and van Linschoten for India, and the brothers Shirley for Persia. In the seventeenth century we may cite the names of della Valle, Baldaeus, Tavernier, Bernier and the German Mandelslo for India, while those of Olearius and Chardin