The Gypsies | Page 6

does not prove an Indian or Aryan origin, any
more than the English spoken by American negroes proves a Saxon
descent. But if the Rom can be identified with the Dom--and the
circumstantial evidence, it must be admitted, is very strong--but little
remains to seek, since, according to the Shastras, the Doms are Hindoo.

Among the tribes whose union formed the European gypsy was, in all
probability, that of the Nats, consisting of singing and dancing girls and
male musicians and acrobats. Of these, we are told that not less than ten
thousand lute-players and minstrels, under the name of Luri, were once
sent to Persia as a present to a king, whose land was then without music
or song. This word Luri is still preserved. The saddle-makers and
leather-workers of Persia are called Tsingani; they are, in their way,
low caste, and a kind of gypsy, and it is supposed that from them are
possibly derived the names Zingan, Zigeuner, Zingaro, etc., by which
gypsies are known in so many lands. From Mr. Arnold's late work on
"Persia," the reader may learn that the Eeli, who constitute the majority
of the inhabitants of the southern portion of that country, are Aryan
nomads, and apparently gypsies. There are also in India the Banjari, or
wandering merchants, and many other tribes, all spoken of as gypsies
by those who know them.
As regards the great admixture of Persian with Hindi in good Romany,
it is quite unmistakable, though I can recall no writer who has attached
sufficient importance to a fact which identifies gypsies with what is
almost preeminently the land of gypsies. I once had the pleasure of
taking a Nile journey in company with Prince S---, a Persian, and in
most cases, when I asked my friend what this or that gypsy word meant,
he gave me its correct meaning, after a little thought, and then added, in
his imperfect English, "What for you want to know such word?--that
old word--that no more used. Only common people--old
peasant-woman--use that word--gentleman no want to know him." But
I did want to know "him" very much. I can remember that one night,
when our bon prince had thus held forth, we had dancing girls, or
Almeh, on board, and one was very young and pretty. I was told that
she was gypsy, but she spoke no Romany. Yet her panther eyes and
serpent smile and beaute du diable were not Egyptian, but of the Indian,
kalo-ratt,--the dark blood, which, once known, is known forever. I
forgot her, however, for a long time, until I went to Moscow, when she
was recalled by dancing and smiles, of which I will speak anon.
I was sitting one day by the Thames, in a gypsy tent, when its master,
Joshua Cooper, now dead, pointing to a swan, asked me for its name in

gypsy. I replied, "Boro pappin."
"No, rya. Boro pappin is 'a big goose.' Sakku is the real gypsy word. It
is very old, and very few Romany know it."
A few days after, when my Persian friend was dining with me at the
Langham Hotel, I asked him if he knew what Sakku meant. By way of
reply, he, not being able to recall the English word, waved his arms in
wonderful pantomime, indicating some enormous winged creature; and
then, looking into the distance, and pointing as if to some far-vanishing
object, as boys do when they declaim Bryant's address "To a
Water-Fowl," said,--
"Sakku--one ver' big bird, like one swen--but he not swen. He like the
man who carry too much water up-stairs {22} his head in
Constantinople. That bird all same that man. He sakkia all same wheel
that you see get water up-stairs in Egypt."
This was explanatory, but far from satisfactory. The prince, however,
was mindful of me, and the next day I received from the Persian
embassy the word elegantly written in Persian, with the translation, "a
pelican." Then it was all clear enough, for the pelican bears water in the
bag under its bill. When the gypsies came to Europe they named
animals after those which resembled them in Asia. A dog they called
juckal, from a jackal, and a swan sakku, or pelican, because it so greatly
resembles it. The Hindoo bandarus, or monkey, they have changed to
bombaros, but why Tom Cooper should declare that it is pugasah, or
pukkus-asa, I do not know. {23} As little can I conjecture the meaning
of the prefix mod, or mode, which I learned on the road near Weymouth
from a very ancient tinker, a man so battered, tattered, seamed, riven,
and wrinkled that he looked like a petrifaction. He had so bad a barrow,
or wheel, that I wondered what he could do with it, and regarded