The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 60, December 30, 1897 | Page 8

beautiful lane leading from the city to it, which was known as Bouery
Lane--our present Bowery.
The Governor's house is supposed to have stood near Tenth Street, a
little east of Third Avenue, now called Stuyvesant Place.
Beyond Governor Stuyvesant's Great Bouery stretched swamps, woods,
and clearings, until a little village was reached at the junction of the
Haarlem and East rivers, which was called New Haarlem.
Peter Stuyvesant made many improvements in the city of New
Amsterdam. In order better to protect it, he built a high and strong
wooden palisade on the north of the town; in time houses grew up
along this wall, and the street which they formed was called Wall
Street.
The Wall Street of to-day, where so many fortunes are made and lost,
stands on the site of the old wall built by Peter Stuyvesant to protect the
city.

The first windmill was built in 1662.
In 1664 Charles II. of England, jealous of the productiveness of this
Dutch colony, determined to secure it.
In 1621 James I. had claimed it by right of first occupancy.
In 1632 Charles I. reasserted this claim; and in 1654 Cromwell ordered
an expedition for the conquest of the New Netherlands.
The treaty with Holland stopped these proceedings, and the colony was
left in peace until 1664, when Charles II. granted the entire territory to
his brother, the Duke of York.
In August of that year an expedition arrived to capture the city, which
surrendered to the English fleet without resistance. The name of the
city was then changed to New York, in honor of its ducal owner.
In 1673 the Dutch recaptured the city, and christened it New Orange.
The following year, by a treaty of peace with Holland, it was restored
to the English and again called New York.
In 1702 Wall Street was paved, and in 1711 a regular slave market was
established.
In 1775, at the beginning of the war, New York declared for
independence, but in 1776 it fell into the hands of the English, who
retained possession until 1783, when they finally evacuated it.
In 1788 New York celebrated the adoption of the Constitution--the
great Constitution under which we live to-day and enjoy our freedom.
A ship, representing the Ship of State, was drawn through the streets of
the city by ten milk-white horses.
Alexander Hamilton had done so much to convince the State of the
wisdom of adopting the Constitution, that in recognition of his great
services the platform upholding the Ship of State was inscribed in large
letters with his name.

New Yorkers must never forget that it was in their city that the first
President was inaugurated, and that that President was George
Washington. To New York belongs the greatest honor any American
city can boast, in having placed the sceptre of government in the hands
of the greatest man the country has ever produced.
On March 4th, 1789, the new Constitution went into operation, but it
was not until April 30th that the President took the oath of office.
Standing on the balcony of a building in front of Federal Hall, where
Congress met, and in the presence of an immense multitude, George
Washington took the following oath:
"I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of
President of the United States; and to the best of my ability, preserve,
protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States."
Then, amid the ringing of bells, the firing of cannon, a great shout went
up, "Long live George Washington, President of the United States."
It was the streets of New York that first resounded to this glorious cry!
Federal Hall was the old City Hall. It stood on the northeast corner of
Wall and Nassau streets, on ground now occupied by the United States
Sub-Treasury.
New Yorkers have much to be proud of in their city. G.H.
ROSENFELD.

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What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 60, December 30, 1897, by
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