The Game of Logic | Page 2

that, besides being an
endless source of amusement (the number of arguments, that may be
worked by it, being infinite), it will give the Players a little instruction
as well. But is there any great harm in THAT, so long as you get plenty
of amusement?
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER PAGE
I. NEW LAMPS FOR OLD. 1. Propositions . . . . . . . 1 2.
Syllogisms . . . . . . . . 20 3. Fallacies . . . . . . . . 32
II. CROSS QUESTIONS. 1. Elementary . . . . . . . . 37 2. Half of
Smaller Diagram. Propositions to be represented . . . . . 40 3. Do.
Symbols to be interpreted. . 42 4. Smaller Diagram. Propositions to be
represented . . . . . . . 44 5. Do. Symbols to be interpreted. . 46 6. Larger
Diagram. Propositions to be represented . . . . . . . 48 7. Both Diagrams
to be employed . . 51
III. CROOKED ANSWERS. 1. Elementary . . . . . . . . 55 2. Half of
Smaller Diagram. Propositions represented . . . . . . . 59 3. Do. Symbols
interpreted . . . 61 4. Smaller Diagram. Propositions represented. 62 5.
Do. Symbols interpreted . . . 65 6. Larger Diagram. Propositions
represented. 67 7. Both Diagrams employed . . . . 72
IV. HIT OR MISS . . . . . . . . . 85
CHAPTER I.
NEW LAMPS FOR OLD.
"Light come, light go." _________
1. Propositions.

"Some new Cakes are nice." "No new Cakes are nice." "All new cakes
are nice."
There are three 'PROPOSITIONS' for you--the only three kinds we are
going to use in this Game: and the first thing to be done is to learn how
to express them on the Board.
Let us begin with
"Some new Cakes are nice."
But before doing so, a remark has to be made--one that is rather
important, and by no means easy to understand all in a moment: so
please to read this VERY carefully.
The world contains many THINGS (such as "Buns", "Babies",
"Beetles". "Battledores". &c.); and these Things possess many
ATTRIBUTES (such as "baked", "beautiful", "black", "broken", &c.: in
fact, whatever can be "attributed to", that is "said to belong to", any
Thing, is an Attribute). Whenever we wish to mention a Thing, we use
a SUBSTANTIVE: when we wish to mention an Attribute, we use an
ADJECTIVE. People have asked the question "Can a Thing exist
without any Attributes belonging to it?" It is a very puzzling question,
and I'm not going to try to answer it: let us turn up our noses, and treat
it with contemptuous silence, as if it really wasn't worth noticing. But,
if they put it the other way, and ask "Can an Attribute exist without any
Thing for it to belong to?", we may say at once "No: no more than a
Baby could go a railway-journey with no one to take care of it!" You
never saw "beautiful" floating about in the air, or littered about on the
floor, without any Thing to BE beautiful, now did you?
And now what am I driving at, in all this long rigmarole? It is this. You
may put "is" or "are" between names of two THINGS (for example,
"some Pigs are fat Animals"), or between the names of two
ATTRIBUTES (for example, "pink is light-red"), and in each case it
will make good sense. But, if you put "is" or "are" between the name of
a THING and the name of an ATTRIBUTE (for example, "some Pigs
are pink"), you do NOT make good sense (for how can a Thing BE an

Attribute?) unless you have an understanding with the person to whom
you are speaking. And the simplest understanding would, I think, be
this--that the Substantive shall be supposed to be repeated at the end of
the sentence, so that the sentence, if written out in full, would be "some
Pigs are pink (Pigs)". And now the word "are" makes quite good sense.
Thus, in order to make good sense of the Proposition "some new Cakes
are nice", we must suppose it to be written out in full, in the form
"some new Cakes are nice (Cakes)". Now this contains two
'TERMS'--"new Cakes" being one of them, and "nice (Cakes)" the
other. "New Cakes," being the one we are talking about, is called the
'SUBJECT' of the Proposition, and "nice (Cakes)" the 'PREDICATE'.
Also this Proposition is said to be a 'PARTICULAR' one, since it does
not speak of the WHOLE of its Subject, but only of a PART of it. The
other two kinds are said to be 'UNIVERSAL', because they speak of the