an extra pair of trousers. It rains in the woods; streams
are to be waded; the wetness of leaves is greater than the wetness of
many rivers. Logically, naturally, inevitably, such conditions point to
change of garments when camp is made. We always change our clothes
when we get wet in the city. So for years I carried those extra nether
garments--and continued in the natural exposure to sun and wind and
camp-fire to dry off before change time, or to hang the damp clothes
from the ridge-pole for resumption in the morning. And then one day
the web of that particular convention broke. We change wet trousers in
the town; we do not in the woods. The extras were relegated to pile
number three, and my pack, already apparently down to a minimum,
lost a few pounds more.
You will want a hat, a good hat to turn rain, with a medium brim. If
you are wise, you will get it too small for your head, and rip out the
lining. The felt will cling tenaciously to your hair, so that you will find
the snatches of the brush and the wind generally unavailing.
By way of undergarments wear woollen. Buy winter weights even for
midsummer. In travelling with a pack a man is going to sweat in
streams, no matter what he puts on or takes off, and the thick garment
will be found no more oppressive than the thin. And then in the cool of
the woods or of the evening he avoids a chill. And he can plunge into
the coldest water with impunity, sure that ten minutes of the air will dry
him fairly well. Until you have shivered in clammy cotton, you cannot
realize the importance of this point. Ten minutes of cotton underwear in
cold water will chill. On the other hand, suitably clothed in wool, I
have waded the ice water of north country streams when the
thermometer was so low I could see my breath in the air, without other
discomfort than a cold ring around my legs to mark the surface of the
water, and a slight numbness in my feet when I emerged. Therefore,
even in hot weather, wear heavy wool. It is the most comfortable.
Undoubtedly you will come to believe this only by experience.
Do not carry a coat. This is another preconception of civilization,
exceedingly difficult to get rid of. You will never wear it while packing.
In a rain you will find that it wets through so promptly as to be of little
use; or, if waterproof, the inside condensation will more than equal the
rain-water. In camp you will discard it because it will impede the swing
of your arms. The end of that coat will be a brief half-hour after supper,
and a makeshift roll to serve as a pillow during the night. And for these
a sweater is better in every way.
In fact, if you feel you must possess another outside garment, let it be
an extra sweater. You can sleep in it, use it when your day garment is
soaked, or even tie things in it as in a bag. It is not necessary, however.
One good shirt is enough. When you wash it, substitute the sweater
until it dries. In fact, by keeping the sweater always in your waterproof
bag, you possess a dry garment to change into. Two handkerchiefs are
enough. One should be of silk, for neck, head, or--in case of cramps or
intense cold--the _stomach_; the other of coloured cotton for the pocket.
Both can be quickly washed, and dried en route. Three pairs of heavy
wool socks will be enough--one for wear, one for night, and one for
extra. A second pair of drawers supplements the sweater when a
temporary day change is desirable. Heavy kersey "driver's" trousers are
the best. They are cheap, dry very quickly, and are not easily "picked
out" by the brush.
The best blanket is that made by the Hudson's Bay Company for its
servants--a "three-point" for summer is heavy enough. The next best is
our own gray army blanket. One of rubber should fold about it, and a
pair of narrow buckle straps is handy to keep the bundle right and tight
and waterproof. As for a tent, buy the smallest shelter you can get along
with, have it made of balloon silk well waterproofed, and supplement it
with a duplicate tent of light cheesecloth to suspend inside as a
fly-proof defence. A seven-by-seven three-man A-tent, which would
weigh between twenty and thirty pounds if made of duck, means only
about eight pounds constructed of this material. And it is waterproof. I
own one which I have used for three seasons. It has been employed as
tarpaulin, fly, even blanket on
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