The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and Manufacture of American Wines

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The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and?by George Husmann

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Manufacture of American Wines, by George Husmann This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and Manufacture of American Wines
Author: George Husmann
Release Date: March 27, 2007 [EBook #20917]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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THE CULTIVATION OF THE NATIVE GRAPE,
AND
MANUFACTURE OF AMERICAN WINES.

By
GEORGE HUSMANN,
OF HERMANN, MISSOURI.

GEO. E. WOODWARD, PUBLISHER AND IMPORTER, Art, Architectural and Rural Books, 136 CHAMBERS STREET, NEW YORK.
ORANGE JUDD CO., 245 Broadway.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by GEO. E. & F. W. WOODWARD, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Southern District of New York.

TO THE GRAPE GROWERS OF "OUR COUNTRY, ONE AND INDIVISIBLE," THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED BY THEIR FRIEND AND FELLOW-LABORER, THE AUTHOR.

INDEX.
PAGE.
INTRODUCTION 9
GRAPE CULTURE.
Remarks on its History in America, especially at the West; its Progress and its Future, 13
PROPAGATION OF THE VINE.
I.--From Seed 27
II.--By Single Eyes 30 The Propagating House 31 Mode of Operating 32
III.--By Cuttings in Open Air 37
IV.--By Layering 39
V.--By Grafting 40
THE VINEYARD.
Location and Soil 43 Preparing the Soil 45
WHAT SHALL WE PLANT?
Choice of Varieties 47 The Concord 48 Norton's Virginia 48 Herbemont 49 Delaware 49 Hartford Prolific 49 Clinton 50
PLANTING.
Planting. 51 Treatment of the Vine the First Summer 56 Treatment of the Vine the Second Summer 57 Treatment of the Vine the Third Summer 63 Treatment of the Vine the Fourth Summer 69 Training the Vines on Arbors and Walls 71 Other Methods of Training the Vine 75 Diseases of the Vine 78 Insects Injurious to the Grape 80 Birds 84 Frosts 85 Girdling the Vine to Hasten Maturity 86 Manuring the Vine 91 Thinning of the Fruit 91 Renewing Old Vines 92 Pruning Saws 93 Preserving the Fruit 95 Gathering the Fruit to Make Wine 96
VARIETIES OF GRAPES. CLASS I.--VARIETIES MOST GENERALLY USED.
Concord (Description) 97 Concord (Plate) 111 Norton's Virginia (Description) 98 Norton's Virginia (Plate) 87 Herbemont (Plate) 99 Herbemont (Description) 101 Hartford Prolific (Description) 101 Hartford Prolific (Plate) 105 Clinton 102 Delaware (Description) 102 Delaware (Plate) 81
CLASS II.--HEALTHY VARIETIES PROMISING WELL.
Cynthiana 103 Arkansas 104 Taylor 104 Martha 107 Maxatawney (Description) 107 Maxatawney (Plate) 177 Rogers' Hybrid, No. 1 107 Creveling (Description) 108 Creveling (Plate) 117 North Carolina Seedling 108 Cunningham 109 Rulander 109 Louisiana 110 Alvey 110 Cassady 110 Blood's Black 113 Union Village (Description) 113 Union Village (Plate) 167 Perkins 113 Clara (Description) 114 Clara (Plate) 127 Ive's Seedling 114
CLASS III.--HEALTHY VARIETIES--BUT INFERIOR IN QUALITY.
Minor Seedling 116 Mary Ann 119 Northern Muscadine 119 Logan 119 Brown 119 Hyde's Eliza 119 Marion Port 120 Poeschel's Mammoth 120 Cape 120 Dracut Amber 120 Elsinburgh 120 Garber's Albino 121 Franklin 121 Lenoir 121 North America 121
CLASS IV.--VARIETIES OF GOOD QUALITY, BUT SUBJECT TO DISEASE.
Catawba 121 Diana 122 Isabella 122 Garrigues 123 Tokalon 123 Anna 123 Allen's Hybrid 123 Cuyahoga 123 Devereux 124 Kingsessing 124 Rogers' Hybrid, No. 15 124
CLASS V.--VARIETIES UNWORTHY OF CULTIVATION.
Oporto 124 Massachusetts White 125
WINE MAKING.
Gathering the Grapes 131 The Wine Cellar 133 Apparatus for Wine Making.--The Grape Mill and Press 136 Fermenting Vats 137 The Wine Casks 138 Making the Wine 140 After Treatment of the Wine 146 Diseases of the Wine and their Remedies 147 Treatment of flat and Turbid Wine 147 Use of the Husks and Lees 148 Dr. Gall's and Petoil's Method of Wine Making 148 The Must Scale or Saccharometer 150 The Acidimeter and Its Use 151 The Change of the Must, by Fermentation, into Wine 157 Normal Must 161 The Must of American Grapes 162 Wine Making Made Easy 173
STATISTICS.
Cost of Establishing A Vineyard 179 Cost of an acre of Concord 179 Cost of an acre of Herbemont 179 Cost of an acre of Norton's Virginia 180 Cost of an acre of Delaware 180 Cost of an acre of Catawba 180 Product 181 Produce Fifth Year 182 Yield of Mr. MICHAEL POESCHEL'S Vineyard 184 New Vineyard of Mr. M. POESCHEL, Planted in 1861; First Partial Crop, 1863; Second Crop, 1864; Third Crop, 1865, 184, 185 Yield of Vineyard of Mr. WILLIAM POESCHEL, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860 185 Yield of Vineyard of Mr. WILLIAM POESCHEL 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864 186 Yield of Vineyard of Mr. WILLIAM POESCHEL 1865 187 Yield of Delaware Vineyard of JOHN E. MOTTIER 189

INTRODUCTION
It is with a great deal of hesitation