The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and Manufacture of American Wines

The Cultivation of The Native
Grape, and
by George
Husmann

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Title: The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and Manufacture of
American Wines
Author: George Husmann
Release Date: March 27, 2007 [EBook #20917]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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CULTIVATION OF THE NATIVE GRAPE ***

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THE CULTIVATION OF THE NATIVE GRAPE,
AND
MANUFACTURE OF AMERICAN WINES.

By
GEORGE HUSMANN,
OF HERMANN, MISSOURI.

GEO. E. WOODWARD, PUBLISHER AND IMPORTER, Art,
Architectural and Rural Books, 136 CHAMBERS STREET, NEW
YORK.
ORANGE JUDD CO., 245 Broadway.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by GEO. E. &
F. W. WOODWARD, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the
United States, for the Southern District of New York.

TO THE GRAPE GROWERS OF "OUR COUNTRY, ONE AND
INDIVISIBLE," THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED BY THEIR
FRIEND AND FELLOW-LABORER, THE AUTHOR.

INDEX.

PAGE.
INTRODUCTION 9
GRAPE CULTURE.
Remarks on its History in America, especially at the West; its Progress
and its Future, 13
PROPAGATION OF THE VINE.
I.--From Seed 27
II.--By Single Eyes 30 The Propagating House 31 Mode of Operating
32
III.--By Cuttings in Open Air 37
IV.--By Layering 39
V.--By Grafting 40
THE VINEYARD.
Location and Soil 43 Preparing the Soil 45
WHAT SHALL WE PLANT?
Choice of Varieties 47 The Concord 48 Norton's Virginia 48
Herbemont 49 Delaware 49 Hartford Prolific 49 Clinton 50
PLANTING.
Planting. 51 Treatment of the Vine the First Summer 56 Treatment of
the Vine the Second Summer 57 Treatment of the Vine the Third
Summer 63 Treatment of the Vine the Fourth Summer 69 Training the
Vines on Arbors and Walls 71 Other Methods of Training the Vine 75
Diseases of the Vine 78 Insects Injurious to the Grape 80 Birds 84
Frosts 85 Girdling the Vine to Hasten Maturity 86 Manuring the Vine

91 Thinning of the Fruit 91 Renewing Old Vines 92 Pruning Saws 93
Preserving the Fruit 95 Gathering the Fruit to Make Wine 96
VARIETIES OF GRAPES. CLASS I.--VARIETIES MOST
GENERALLY USED.
Concord (Description) 97 Concord (Plate) 111 Norton's Virginia
(Description) 98 Norton's Virginia (Plate) 87 Herbemont (Plate) 99
Herbemont (Description) 101 Hartford Prolific (Description) 101
Hartford Prolific (Plate) 105 Clinton 102 Delaware (Description) 102
Delaware (Plate) 81
CLASS II.--HEALTHY VARIETIES PROMISING WELL.
Cynthiana 103 Arkansas 104 Taylor 104 Martha 107 Maxatawney
(Description) 107 Maxatawney (Plate) 177 Rogers' Hybrid, No. 1 107
Creveling (Description) 108 Creveling (Plate) 117 North Carolina
Seedling 108 Cunningham 109 Rulander 109 Louisiana 110 Alvey 110
Cassady 110 Blood's Black 113 Union Village (Description) 113 Union
Village (Plate) 167 Perkins 113 Clara (Description) 114 Clara (Plate)
127 Ive's Seedling 114
CLASS III.--HEALTHY VARIETIES--BUT INFERIOR IN
QUALITY.
Minor Seedling 116 Mary Ann 119 Northern Muscadine 119 Logan
119 Brown 119 Hyde's Eliza 119 Marion Port 120 Poeschel's
Mammoth 120 Cape 120 Dracut Amber 120 Elsinburgh 120 Garber's
Albino 121 Franklin 121 Lenoir 121 North America 121
CLASS IV.--VARIETIES OF GOOD QUALITY, BUT SUBJECT TO
DISEASE.
Catawba 121 Diana 122 Isabella 122 Garrigues 123 Tokalon 123 Anna
123 Allen's Hybrid 123 Cuyahoga 123 Devereux 124 Kingsessing 124
Rogers' Hybrid, No. 15 124
CLASS V.--VARIETIES UNWORTHY OF CULTIVATION.

Oporto 124 Massachusetts White 125
WINE MAKING.
Gathering the Grapes 131 The Wine Cellar 133 Apparatus for Wine
Making.--The Grape Mill and Press 136 Fermenting Vats 137 The
Wine Casks 138 Making the Wine 140 After Treatment of the Wine
146 Diseases of the Wine and their Remedies 147 Treatment of flat and
Turbid Wine 147 Use of the Husks and Lees 148 Dr. Gall's and Petoil's
Method of Wine Making 148 The Must Scale or Saccharometer 150
The Acidimeter and Its Use 151 The Change of the Must, by
Fermentation, into Wine 157 Normal Must 161 The Must of American
Grapes 162 Wine Making Made Easy 173
STATISTICS.
Cost of Establishing A Vineyard 179 Cost of an acre of Concord 179
Cost of an acre of Herbemont 179 Cost of an acre of Norton's Virginia
180 Cost of an acre of Delaware 180 Cost of an acre of Catawba 180
Product 181 Produce Fifth Year 182 Yield of Mr. MICHAEL
POESCHEL'S Vineyard 184 New Vineyard of Mr. M. POESCHEL,
Planted in 1861; First Partial Crop, 1863; Second Crop, 1864;