about Hegira into New England.--Visitor from America who had never seen Emerson.--Miss Martineau.--Silence and speech.-- Sterling.--Southey.--No longer desperately poor.
XLVIII. Emerson. Concord, 12 December, 1839. Copies of French Revolution arrived.--Lectures on the Present Age.--Letter from Sterling, his paper on Carlyle.--Friends.
XLIX. Carlyle. Chelsea, 6 January, 1840. _Chartism._-- Sterling.--Monckton Milnes, paper by him on Emerson.
L. Carlyle. Chelsea, 17 January, 1840. Export and import of books.--New editions.--Books sent to Emerson.--Cromwell as a subject for writing.--No appetite for lecturing.--Madame Necker on Emerson.
LI. Emerson. New York, 18 March, 1840. New York.--Loss of faith on entering cities.--Margaret Fuller to edit a journal.--Lectures on the Present Age.--His children.--Renewed invitation.
LII. Carlyle. Chelsea, 1 April, 1840. Count D'Orsay, his portrait of Carlyle.--Wages for books, due to Emerson.--Milnes's review.--Heraud.--Landor.--Lectures in prospect on Heroes and Hero-worship.
LIII. Emerson. Concord, 21 April, 1840. Introduction of Mr. Grinnell.--Chartism.--Reprint of it.--At work on a book.-- Booksellers' accounts.--_The Dial._--Alcott.
LIV. Emerson. Concord, 30 June, 1840. Wilhelm Meister received.--Landor.--Letter to Milnes.--Lithograph of Concord. --_The Dial,_ No. 1.
LV. Carlyle. Chelsea, 2 July, 1840. Bibliopoliana.--Lectures about Great Men.--Lecturing in America.--Milnes and his _Poems._ --Controversial volume from Ripley.
LVI. Emerson. Concord, 30 August, 1840. Booksellers' accounts. --Faith cold concerning Carlyle's coming to America.-- Transcendentalism and _The Dial._--Social problems.--Character of his writing.--Charles Sumner.
LVII. Carlyle. Chelsea, 26 September, 1840. Not to go to America for the present.--_Heroes and Hero-Worship._--Journey on horseback.--Reading on Cromwell.--Dial No. 1.--Puseyism.--Dr. Sewell on Carlyle.--Landor.--Sterling.
LVIII. Emerson. Concord, 30 October, 1840. Booksellers' accounts.--Projects of social reform.--Studies unproductive. --Hopes to print a book of essays.
LIX. Carlyle. Chelsea, 9 December, 1840. Booksellers' carelessness and accounts.--Puseyism.--Dial No. 2.--Goethe. --Miss Martineau's _Hour and Man._--Working in Cromwellism.
LX. Carlyle. Chelsea, 21 February, 1841. To Mrs. Emerson.-- London transmuted by her alchemy.--Hope of seeing Concord. --Miss Martineau.--Toussaint l'Ouverture.--Sheets of _Heroes and Hero-worship_ sent to Emerson.
LXI. Emerson. Concord, 28 February, 1841. Accounts.--Essays soon to appear.--Lecture on Reform.
LXII. Emerson. Boston, 30 April, 1841. Remittance of L100.-- Accounts.--Piratical reprint of _Heroes and Hero-worship._-- Dial No. 4.
LXIII. Carlyle. Chelsea, 8 May, 1841. Visit to Milnes.--To his Mother.--Emerson's _Essays._--His own condition.
LXIV. Carlyle. Chelsea, 21 May, 1841. Acknowledgment of remittance of L100.--Unauthorized American reprint of _Heroes and Hero-worship._--Improvement in circumstances.--Desire for solitude.--Article on Emerson in _Fraser's Magazine._
LXV. Emerson. Concord, 30 May, 1841. Accounts.--Book by Jones Very.--_Heroes and Hero-worship._--Thoreau.
LXVI. Carlyle. Chelsea, 25 June, 1841. Proposed stay at Annan. --Motives for it.--London reprint of Emerson's Essays.--Rio.
LXVII. Emerson. Concord, 31 July, 1841. London reprint of _Essays._--Carlyle in his own land.--Writing an oration.
LXVIII. Carlyle. Newby, Annan, Scotland, 18 August, 1841. Speedy receipt of letter.--Stay in Scotland.--Seclusion and sadness.--Reprint of Emerson's _Essays._--Shipwreck.
LXIX. Emerson. Concord, 30 October, 1841. Pleasure in English reprint of _Essays._--Lectures on the Times.--Opportunities of the Lecture-room.--Accounts.
LXX. Emerson. Concord, 14 November, 1841. Remittance of L40.-- His banker.--Gambardella.--Preparation for lectures on the Times.
LXXI. Carlyle. Chelsea, 19 November, 1841. Gambardella.-- Lawrence's portrait.--Emerson's Essays in England.--Address at Waterville College.--_The Dial._--Emerson's criticism on Landor.
LXXII. Carlyle. Chelsea, 6 December, 1841. Acknowledgment of remittance of L40.--American funds.--Landor.--Emerson's Lectures.
LXXIII. Emerson. New York, 28 February, 1842. Remittance of L48.--American investments.--Death of his son.--Alcott going to England.
LXXIV. Carlyle. Templand, 28 March, 1842. Sympathy, with Emerson.--Death of Mrs. Carlyle's mother.--At Templand to settle affairs.--Life there.--A book on Cromwell begun.
LXXV. Emerson. Concord, 31 March, 1842. Bereavement.--Alcott going to England.--Editorship of _Dial._--Mr. Henry Lee.-- Lectures in New York.
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CORRESPONDENCE OF CARLYLE AND EMERSON
At the beginning of his "English Traits," Mr. Emerson, writing of his visit to England in 1833, when he was thirty years old, says that it was mainly the attraction of three or four writers, of whom Carlyle was one, that had led him to Europe. Carlyle's name was not then generally known, and it illustrates Emerson's mental attitude that he should have thus early recognized his genius, and felt sympathy with it.
The decade from 1820 to 1830 was a period of unusual dulness in English thought and imagination. All the great literary reputations belonged to the beginning of the century, Byron, Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Keats, had said their say. The intellectual life of the new generation had not yet found expression. But toward the end of this time a series of articles, mostly on German literature, appearing in the Edinburgh and in the Foreign Quarterly Review, an essay on Burns, another on Voltaire, still more a paper entitled "Characteristics," displayed the hand of a master, and a spirit in full sympathy with the hitherto unexpressed tendencies and aspirations of its time, and capable of giving them expression. Here was a writer whose convictions were based upon principles, and whose words stood for realities. His power was slowly acknowledged. As yet Carlyle had received hardly a token of recognition from his contemporaries.
He was living solitary, poor, independent, in "desperate hope," at Craigenputtock. On August 24,1833, he makes entry in his Journal as follows: "I am left here the solitariest, stranded, most helpless creature that I have been for many years..... Nobody asks me to work at articles. The thing
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