The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 17, No. 103, May, 1866 | Page 3

no closer than any other."
"I've watched you coming home sometimes," I said, coolly. "One night
you carried the little chap, as he was sound asleep. It was dark; but I

saw you sit by the pond yonder, thinking no one saw you, caressing
him, kissing his face, his soiled little hands, his very feet, as fierce and
tender as a woman."
Knowles got up, pacing about, disturbed and angry; he was like a
woman in other ways, nervous, given to sudden heats of passion,--was
leaky with his own secrets. "Don't talk to me of Antony! I know no
child, no wife, nor any brother, except my brother-man."
He went trotting up and down the room, then sat down with his back to
me. It was night, and the room was dimly lighted by the smoky flame
of a lard lamp. The solitary old man told me his story. Let me be more
chary with his pain than he was; enough to say that his wife was yet
living, but lost, to him. Her boy Antony came into the room just when
his father had ceased speaking,--a stout little chap of four years, with
Knowles's ungainly build, and square, honest face, but with large, hazel,
melancholy eyes. He crept up on my bed, and, lying across the foot,
went to sleep.
Knowles glanced at him,--looked away, his face darkening. "Sir," he
said, "I have thrust away all arbitrary ties of family. The true life,"--his
eye dilating, as if some great thought had come into his brain,--"the true
life is one where no marriage exists,--where the soul acknowledges
only the pure impersonal love to God and our brother-man, and enters
into peace. It can so enter, even here, by dint of long contemplation and
a simple pastoral work for the body."
This was new talk in that country tavern: I said nothing.
"I'm not dreaming dreams," raising his voice. "I have a real plan for
you and me, lad. I have found the Utopia of the prophets and poets, an
actual place, here in Pennsylvania. We will go there together, shut out
the trade-world, and devote ourselves with these lofty enthusiasts to a
life of purity, celibacy, meditation,--helpful and loving to the great
Humanity."
I was but a lad; my way in life had not been smooth. While he talked
on in this strain my blood began to glow. "What of Tony?" I interrupted,

after a while.
"The boy?" not looking at the little heap at the foot of the bed. "They
will take him in, probably. Children are adopted by the society; they
receive education free from the personal taints given by father and
mother."
"Yes," not very clear as to what he meant.
The moon began to fleck the bare floor with patches of light and
shadow, bringing into relief the broad chest of the man beside me, the
big, motionless head dropped forward, and the flabby yellow face set
with a terrible, lifelong gravity. His scheme was no joke to him.
Whatever soul lay inside of this gross animal body had been tortured
nigh to death, and this plan was its desperate chance at a fresh life.
Watching me askance as I tried to cover the boy with the blankets, he
began the history of this new Utopia, making it blunt and practical as
words could compass, to convince me that he was no dreamer of
dreams. I will try to recall the facts as he stated them that night; they
form a curious story at all times.
In 1805, a man named George Rapp, in Würtemberg, became possessed
with the idea of founding a new and pure social system,--sowing a mere
seed at first, but with the hope, doubtless, of planting a universal truth
thereby which should some day affect all humanity. His scheme
differed from Comte's or Saint Simon's, in that it professed to go back
to the old patriarchal form for its mode of government, establishing
under that, however, a complete community of interest. Unlike other
communist reformers, too, Rapp did not look through his own class for
men of equal intelligence and culture with himself of whom to make
converts, but, gathering several hundred of the peasants from the
neighborhood, he managed to imbue them with an absolute faith in his
divine mission, and emigrated with them to the backwoods of
Pennsylvania, in Butler County. After about ten years they removed to
the banks of the Wabash, in Indiana; then, in 1825, returned to
Pennsylvania, and settled finally in Beaver County, some sixteen miles
below Pittsburg, calling their village Economy.

"A great man, as I conceive him, this Rapp," said Knowles. "His own
property, which was large, was surrendered to the society at its
foundation, and this to the least particular, not reserving for his own use