The 1992 CIA World Factbook | Page 6

prices and trade, the privatization of shops and transport, and land
reform. These reform measures were crippled, however, by the
widespread civil disorder that accompanied the collapse of the
Communist state. Following their overwhelming victory in the 22
March 1991 elections, the new Democratic government announced a
program of shock therapy to stabilize the economy and establish a
market economy. In an effort to expand international ties, Tirane has
reestablished diplomatic relations with the former Soviet Union and the
US and has joined the IMF and World Bank. The Albanians have also
passed legislation allowing foreign investment. Albania possesses
considerable mineral resources and, until 1990, was largely
self-sufficient in food; however, the breakup of cooperative farms in
1991 and general economic decline forced Albania to rely on foreign
aid to maintain adequate supplies. Available statistics on Albanian
economic activity are rudimentary and subject to an especially wide
margin of error. GNP: purchasing power equivalent - $2.7 billion, per
capita $820; real growth rate --35% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer
prices): 100% (1991 est.) Unemployment rate: 40% (1992 est.) Budget:
revenues $1.1 billion; expenditures $1.4 billion, including capital
expenditures of $70 million (1991 est.) Exports: $80 million (f.o.b.,
1991 est.) commodities: asphalt, petroleum products, metals and
metallic ores, electricity, crude oil, vegetables, fruits, tobacco partners:
Italy, Yugoslavia, Germany, Greece, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania,
Bulgaria, Hungary Imports: $147 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)

commodities: machinery, machine tools, iron and steel products,
textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals partners: Italy, Yugoslavia,
Germany, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria
External debt: $500 million (1991 est.) Industrial production: growth
rate --55% (1991 est.) Electricity: 1,690,000 kW capacity; 5,000
million kWh produced, 1,530 kWh per capita (1990) Industries: food
processing, textiles and clothing, lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, basic
metals, hydropower
:Albania Economy
Agriculture: arable land per capita among lowest in Europe; over 60%
of arable land now in private hands; one-half of work force engaged in
farming; wide range of temperate-zone crops and livestock; severe
dislocations suffered in 1991 Economic aid: $190 million humanitarian
aid, $94 million in loans/guarantees/credits Currency: lek (plural - leke);
1 lek (L) = 100 qintars Exchange rates: leke (L) per US$1 - 50 (January
1992), 25 (September 1991) Fiscal year: calendar year
:Albania Communications
Railroads: 543 km total; 509 1.435-meter standard gauge, single track
and 34 km narrow gauge, single track (1990); line connecting Titograd
(Serbia and Montenegro) and Shkoder (Albania) completed August
1986 Highways: 16,700 km total; 6,700 km highways, 10,000 km
forest and agricultural cart roads (1990) Inland waterways: 43 km plus
Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1990)
Pipelines: crude oil 145 km; petroleum products 55 km; natural gas 64
km (1988) Ports: Durres, Sarande, Vlore Merchant marine: 11 cargo
ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 52,886 GRT/76,449 DWT Airports:
12 total, 10 usable; more than 5 with permanent-surface runways; more
than 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 5 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: inadequate service; 15,000 telephones; broadcast
stations - 13 AM, 1 TV; 514,000 radios, 255,000 TVs (1987 est.)
:Albania Defense Forces
Branches: Army, Coastal Defense Command, Air and Air Defense
Forces, Interior Ministry Troops, Border Troops Manpower availability:
males 15-49, 886,032; 731,072 fit for military service; 33,028 reach
military age (19) annually Defense expenditures: exchange rate
conversion - 1.0 billion leks, NA% of GNP (FY90); note - conversion
of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate

could produce misleading results
:Algeria Geography
Total area: 2,381,740 km2 Land area: 2,381,740 km2 Comparative area:
slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas Land boundaries: 6,343
km total; Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco
1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km
Coastline: 998 km Maritime claims: Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes:
Libya claims about 19,400 km2 in southeastern Algeria; land boundary
disputes with Tunisia under discussion Climate: arid to semiarid; mild,
wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters
and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden
wind especially common in summer Terrain: mostly high plateau and
desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain Natural
resources: crude oil, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead,
zinc Land use: arable land 3%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows
and pastures 13%; forest and woodland 2%; other 82%; includes
irrigated NEGL% Environment: mountainous areas subject to severe
earthquakes; desertification Note: second-largest country in Africa
(after Sudan)
:Algeria People
Population: 26,666,921 (July 1992), growth rate 2.5% (1992) Birth rate:
31 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population
(1992) Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1992) Infant
mortality rate: 56 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at
birth: 66 years male, 68 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 4.1
children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Algerian(s); adjective
- Algerian Ethnic divisions: Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%
Religions: