Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 | Page 3

FOR EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 6
4. BUGGY ON THE VELDT 7
5. MCCORMACK-BROOK WHEELED STRETCHER CARRIAGE 19
6. INDIAN TONGA 20
7. SERVICE AMBULANCE WAGON 21
8. BUCK-WAGON LOADED WITH WOUNDED MEN 22
9. INTERIOR OF A WAGON OF NO. 2 HOSPITAL TRAIN 24
10. P. & O. HOSPITAL SHIP 'SIMLA' 25
11. TYPE OF GENERAL HOSPITAL 32
12. TYPE OF TORTOISE TENT HOSPITAL 33
13. SINGLE TORTOISE HOSPITAL TENT 35
14. FIVE TYPES OF CARTRIDGE IN COMMON USE DURING THE WAR 47
15. SECTIONS OF FOUR BULLETS TO SHOW RELATIVE THICKNESS OF MANTLES 51
16. ENTRY AND EXIT MAUSER WOUNDS 56
17. GUTTER WOUND OF SHOULDER 56
18. OBLIQUE GUTTER EXIT WOUND 57
19. OVAL ENTRY, STARRED EXIT WOUNDS 58
20. CIRCULAR ENTRY, SLIT EXIT WOUNDS 59
21. CIRCULAR ENTRY, STARRED EXIT WOUNDS 59
22. ENTRY AND EXIT WOUNDS IN SIX SUCCESSIVE SPOTS MADE BY SAME BULLET 61
23. FOUR SUCCESSIVE ENTRY AND EXIT WOUNDS OF SAME BULLET 62
24. SUPERFICIAL ABDOMINO-THORACIC TRACK 64
25. SUPERFICIAL LINEAR ECCHYMOSIS OF THIGH 65
25a. SECTIONS OF MAUSER ENTRY AND EXIT WOUNDS 74
25b. PROLAPSED OMENTUM 77
26. SECTIONS OF FOUR BULLETS 82
27. NORMAL MAUSER BULLET 83
28. FOUR MAUSER RICOCHETS 84
29. MAUSER RICOCHET, DISC FORM 85
30. FISSURED MAUSER MANTLE 86
31. MAUSERS DEFORMED BY IMPACT ON FEMUR 86
32. APICAL MAUSER RICOCHET 87
33. SPIRAL RICOCHET 88
34. NORMAL LEE-METFORD BULLET 89
35. APICAL LEE-METFORD RICOCHETS 90
36. " " " 91
37. FOUR TYPES OF SOFT-NOSED BULLETS 92
38. 'SET-UP' SOFT-NOSED LEE-METFORD BULLETS 92
39. FLATTENED, SOLID-BASED MANTLE FROM RICOCHET 93
40. MAUSER BULLET, JEFFREYS-TWEEDIE MODIFICATION 94
41. SECTION OF MARK IV. AND SOFT-NOSED MAUSER 94
42. TAMPERED BULLETS 95
43. LARGE LEADEN SPORTING BULLETS 98
44. EXPLOSIVE WOUND OF BACK 100
45. DEAD MEN ON FIELD OF BATTLE 102
46. FLATTENED LEADEN CORES FROM MANTLED BULLETS 105
47. EXPLOSIVE EXIT WOUND OVER FRACTURED ULNA 156
48. EXPLOSIVE EXIT WOUND OVER FRACTURED HUMERUS 158
49. EXPLOSIVE EXIT AND ENTRY WOUNDS OF LEGS 159
50. TYPES OF GUNSHOT FRACTURE 161
51. LOWER END OF FRACTURED FEMUR 164
52. OBLIQUE PERFORATION OF FEMUR, SEPARATION OF FRAGMENT AT EXIT APERTURE IN BONE 169
53. GUTTER FRACTURE OF HEAD OF HUMERUS 178
53a. DIAGRAM OF 'BUTTERFLY' TYPE 180
54. WIRE GAUZE SPLINT 187
55. GUTTER FRACTURE OF PELVIS 191
55a. DIAGRAM OF 'BUTTERFLY' TYPE 200
56. CANE FIELD SPLINT FOR LOWER EXTREMITY 209
57. TUNNEL FRACTURE AT SURFACE OF TIBIA 219
58. CANE FIELD SPLINT FOR LEG 222
59. SKIAGRAM OF INJURY TO INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT 237
60. SKIAGRAM OF BULLET IN NASAL FOSSA 244
61. DIAGRAM OF APERTURE OF ENTRY INTO CRANIUM 245
62. APERTURE OF ENTRY INTO FRONTAL BONE 252
63. FRAGMENT OF INNER TABLE DISPLACED FROM OPENING SEEN IN FIG. 62 253
64. GUTTER FRACTURE OF FIRST DEGREE IN PARIETAL BONE 255
65. DIAGRAM OF GUTTER FRACTURES 256
66. GUTTER FRACTURE OF SECOND DEGREE IN PARIETAL BONE 257
67. DIAGRAMS OF GUTTER FRACTURES 258
68. SUPERFICIAL PERFORATING FRACTURE OF PARIETAL REGION 259
69. DIAGRAM OF SUPERFICIAL PERFORATING FRACTURE 260
70. FRAGMENT FORMING FLOOR OF TEMPORAL GUTTER FRACTURE 260
71. SCALE OF EXTERNAL TABLE IN LOW VELOCITY INJURY OF FRONTAL BONE 261
72. FRONTAL PERFORATION, APERTURE OF EXIT 261
73. VISUAL FIELD IN OCCIPITAL INJURY 279
74. " " " 279
75. " " " 281
76. " " " 281
77. " " " 283
78. " " " 283
79. CONTUSED SPINAL CORD 333
80. DIVIDED SPINAL CORD 334
81. SUPERFICIAL TRACK IN ANTERIOR BODY-WALL 377
82. SPIRALLY GROOVED BULLET 381
83. ECCHYMOSIS IN FRACTURED RIBS WITH H?MOTHORAX 392
84. SUBCUTANEOUS DIVISION OF ABDOMINAL MUSCLES 409
85. LATERAL INCOMPLETE WOUND OF SMALL INTESTINE. SLIT FORM 416
86. LATERAL PERFORATION OF SMALL INTESTINE. GUTTER FORM 417
87. ENTRY AND EXIT WOUNDS IN A TRANSVERSE PERFORATION OF INTESTINE 418
88. INNER ASPECT OF PIECE OF INTESTINE SHOWN IN FIG. 87 419
89. IMPACTION OF OMENTUM IN EXIT WOUND OF ABDOMINAL WALL 421
90. FRAGMENTS OF LARGE SHELLS 475
91. FRAGMENTS OF PERCUSSION AND TIME FUSES 477
92. COMPLETE 1-LB. POM-POM SHELL 479
93. FRAGMENTS OF EXPLODED POM-POM SHELLS 480
94. PERCUSSION FUSE FROM 1-LB. POM-POM SHELL 481
95. FRAGMENTS OF BOER SEGMENT SHELLS 483
96. NORMAL AND DEFORMED LEADEN SHRAPNEL BULLETS 485
TEMPERATURE CHARTS
1. CASE OF AXILLARY H?MATOMA, BLOOD TEMPERATURE 119
2. CASE OF H?MOTHORAX WITH RECURRENT H?MORRHAGES 395
3. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RISES OF TEMPERATURE IN H?MOTHORAX, RECOVERING SPONTANEOUSLY 402
4. SECONDARY RISE OF TEMPERATURE IN H?MOTHORAX 403
5. FALLS OF TEMPERATURE IN H?MOTHORAX FOLLOWING PARACENTESIS 404
6. SECONDARY H?MOTHORAX, SPONTANEOUS FALL OF TEMPERATURE 405

SURGICAL EXPERIENCES
IN
SOUTH AFRICA
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTORY
The following pages are intended to give an account of personal experience of the gunshot wounds observed during the South African campaign in 1899 and 1900. For this reason few cases are quoted beyond those coming under my own immediate observation, and in the few instances where others are made use of the source of quotation is indicated. It will be noted that my experience was almost entirely confined to bullet wounds, and in this respect it no doubt differs from that of surgeons employed in Natal, where shell injuries were more numerous. This is, however, of the less moment for my purpose as there is probably little to add regarding shell injuries to what is already known, while, on the other hand, the opportunity of observing large numbers of injuries from rifle bullets of small