Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 6 | Page 4

the Past an
Application of Economic Morality--The Combined Rigidity and Laxity
of This Morality--The Growth of a Specific Sexual Morality and the
Evolution of Moral Ideals--Manifestations of Sexual
Morality--Disregard of the Forms of Marriage--Trial
Marriage--Marriage After Conception of Child--Phenomena in
Germany, Anglo-Saxon Countries, Russia, etc.--The Status of
Woman--The Historical Tendency Favoring Moral Equality of Women
with Men--The Theory of the Matriarchate--Mother-Descent--Women
in Babylonia--Egypt--Rome--The Eighteenth and Nineteenth
Centuries--The Historical Tendency Favoring Moral Inequality of
Woman--The Ambiguous Influence of Christianity--Influence of
Teutonic Custom and Feudalism--Chivalry--Woman in England--The
Sale of Wives--The Vanishing Subjection of Woman--Inaptitude of the
Modern Man to Domineer--The Growth of Moral Responsibility in
Women--The Concomitant Development of Economic
Independence--The Increase of Women Who Work--Invasion of the
Modern Industrial Field by Women--In How Far This Is Socially
Justifiable--The Sexual Responsibility of Women and Its
Consequences--The Alleged Moral Inferiority of Women--The
"Self-Sacrifice" of Women--Society Not Concerned with Sexual

Relationships--Procreation the Sole Sexual Concern of the State--The
Supreme Importance of Maternity.




CHAPTER X.
MARRIAGE.
The Definition of Marriage--Marriage Among Animals--The
Predominance of Monogamy--The Question of Group
Marriage--Monogamy a Natural Fact, Not Based on Human Law--The
Tendency to Place the Form of Marriage Above the Fact of
Marriage--The History of Marriage--Marriage in Ancient
Rome--Germanic Influence on Marriage--Bride-Sale--The Ring--The
Influence of Christianity on Marriage--The Great Extent of this
Influence--The Sacrament of Matrimony--Origin and Growth of the
Sacramental Conception--The Church Made Marriage a Public
Act--Canon Law--Its Sound Core--Its Development--Its Confusions
and Absurdities--Peculiarities of English Marriage Law--Influence of
the Reformation on Marriage--The Protestant Conception of Marriage
as a Secular Contract--The Puritan Reform of Marriage--Milton as the
Pioneer of Marriage Reform--His Views on Divorce--The Backward
Position of England in Marriage Reform--Criticism of the English
Divorce Law--Traditions of the Canon Law Still Persistent--The
Question of Damages for Adultery--Collusion as a Bar to
Divorce--Divorce in France, Germany, Austria, Russia, etc.--The
United States--Impossibility of Deciding by Statute the Causes for
Divorce--Divorce by Mutual Consent--Its Origin and
Development--Impeded by the Traditions of Canon Law--Wilhelm von
Humboldt--Modern Pioneer Advocates of Divorce by Mutual
Consent--The Arguments Against Facility of Divorce--The Interests of

the Children--The Protection of Women--The Present Tendency of the
Divorce Movement--Marriage Not a Contract--The Proposal of
Marriage for a Term of Years--Legal Disabilities and Disadvantages in
the Position of the Husband and the Wife--Marriage Not a Contract But
a Fact--Only the Non-Essentials of Marriage, Not the Essentials, a
Proper Matter for Contract--The Legal Recognition of Marriage as a
Fact Without Any Ceremony--Contracts of the Person Opposed to
Modern Tendencies--The Factor of Moral Responsibility--Marriage as
an Ethical Sacrament--Personal Responsibility Involves
Freedom--Freedom the Best Guarantee of Stability--False Ideas of
Individualism--Modern Tendency of Marriage--With the Birth of a
Child Marriage Ceases to be a Private Concern--Every Child Must
Have a Legal Father and Mother--How This Can be Effected--The Firm
Basis of Monogamy--The Question of Marriage Variations--Such
Variations Not Inimical to Monogamy--The Most Common
Variations--The Flexibility of Marriage Holds Variations in
Check--Marriage Variations versus Prostitution--Marriage on a
Reasonable and Humane Basis--Summary and Conclusion.




CHAPTER XI.
THE ART OF LOVE.
Marriage Not Only for Procreation--Theologians on the _Sacramentum
Solationis_--Importance of the _Art of Love_--The Basis of Stability in
Marriage and the Condition for Right Procreation--The Art of Love the
Bulwark Against Divorce--The Unity of Love and Marriage a Principle
of Modern Morality--Christianity and the Art of Love--Ovid--The Art
of Love Among Primitive Peoples--Sexual Initiation in Africa and
Elsewhere--The Tendency to Spontaneous Development of the Art of

Love in Early Life--Flirtation--Sexual Ignorance in Women--The
Husband's Place in Sexual Initiation--Sexual Ignorance in Men--The
Husband's Education for Marriage--The Injury Done by the Ignorance
of Husbands--The Physical and Mental Results of Unskilful
Coitus--Women Understand the Art of Love Better Than Men--Ancient
and Modern Opinions Concerning Frequency of Coitus--Variation in
Sexual Capacity--The Sexual Appetite--The Art of Love Based on the
Biological Facts of Courtship--The Art of Pleasing Women--The Lover
Compared to the Musician--The Proposal as a Part of
Courtship--Divination in the Art of Love--The Importance of the
Preliminaries in Courtship--The Unskilful Husband Frequently the
Cause of the Frigid Wife--The Difficulty of Courtship--Simultaneous
Orgasm--The Evils of Incomplete Gratification in Women--Coitus
Interruptus--Coitus Reservatus--The Human Method of
Coitus--Variations in Coitus--Posture in Coitus--The Best Time for
Coitus--The Influence of Coitus in Marriage--The Advantages of
Absence in Marriage--The Risks of Absence--Jealousy--The Primitive
Function of Jealousy--Its Predominance Among Animals, Savages, etc,
and in Pathological States--An Anti-Social Emotion--Jealousy
Incompatible With the Progress of Civilization--The Possibility of
Loving More Than One Person at a Time--Platonic Friendship--The
Conditions Which Make It Possible--The Maternal Element in
Woman's Love--The Final Development of Conjugal Love--The
Problem of Love One of the Greatest Of Social Questions.




CHAPTER XII.
THE SCIENCE OF PROCREATION.
The Relationship of the Science of Procreation to the Art of

Love--Sexual Desire and Sexual Pleasure as the Conditions of
Conception--Reproduction Formerly Left to Caprice and Lust--The
Question of Procreation as a Religious Question--The Creed