Southern Arabia | Page 2

OF SOKOTRA XXIX. Kalenzia 343 XXX.
Eriosh and Kadhoup 353 XXXI. Tamarida or Hadibo 361 XXXII. We
Depart for the Land's End, i.e. Ras Momi 371 XXXIII. Mount Haghier
and Fereghet 378 XXXIV. Back to the Ocean 390

BELED FADHLI AND BELED YAFEI XXXV. Experiences with the
Yafei Sultan 399 XXXVI. Among the Fadhli 412 XXXVII. From the
Plain of Mis'hal to the Sea 421
Appendices 431
Index 451

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abu'lfida Ismael ibn Ali Imad ed din, Prince or King of
Hamar.--Géographie d'Aboulfida, traduite de l'Arabe et accompagnée
de notes et d'éclaircissements par M. Reinaud, par M. S. Guyard. Paris,
1848-83.
Baros, João de.--Dos feitos que os Portugueses fizeram. 1778-80.
Binning, Robert.--A Journal of Two Years' Travel in Persia, Ceylon,
&c. 1857.
Bunbury, Sir E. H.--Ancient Geography among the Greeks and Romans.
1879.
Cartas de Alfonzo de Albuquerque.--Commentaries of Albuquerque,
Hakluyt Society, translated by W. de G. Birch. 1875.
Carter, Dr.--Paper in the Journal of the Asiatic Society. Bombay
branch.
Chabas, Joseph.--Les Inscriptions des Mines d'or. 1862.
Correa, Gaspar.--Three Voyages of Vasco da Gama. Hakluyt Society,
1869.
Fernan Lopes de la Castanbeda.--Historia do descubrimento e
conquista da India pe los Portugueses. Lisbon, 1833.

Glaser, Eduard.--Skizze der Geschichte der Geographie Süd-Arabiens.
Berlin, 1890.
Goeje, J. de.--Bibliotheca geographicorum Arabicorum. 1870-85.
Mémoires d'histoire et de géographie orientales. 2nd edition, 1886.
Helps to the Study of the Bible.
Hommel, Fritz--Süd-Arabische Chrestomathie und Minæo-Sabäischen
Grammatik. München, 1893.
India Directory,
Part I. 1874.
Miles, Colonel.--Report of the Administration of the Persian Gulf
Residency, 1884-88. Journey through Oman and Dhakrireh. Blue Book,
ccxx.
Muhamad ibn Muhamad, Geographie d'Edrisi.--Traduite de l'Arabe.
Paris, 1836-40.
Muhammad ibn Abdallah, called Ibn Batuta.
Muhammad ibn Muhammad.--Geographia Nubiensis, 1619, 4º.
Müller, D. H.--Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien (Denkschriften
der K.K. Ak. der Wissenschaften Wien). Phil. Hist. Cl. 37, 1894.
Himyarische Studien (Z. D. M., § 30). 1870.
Palgrave, W. G.--Narrative of a Year's Journey through Central
Eastern Arabia. 1865.
Pollak, Dr. J. E.--Das Land und seine Bewohner. 1865.
Sprenger Aloys.--Bürger und Schlösser Süd-Arabiens. Die Alte
Geographie Arabiens.

Vincent, W.--The Commerce and Navigation of the Ancients in the
Indian Ocean. 1886.
Wellsted, Lieut.--Visit to Dhofar in the 'Philomel.' 1883. Rough notes
of a visit to Nakhl and Jebel Akhdar.
Ali Ibn al Husain, El Masudi, Abu al Hasan, Diodoros, Marco Polo, Sir
John Maundeville, Pliny, the Periplus, Strabo, Ebn Said, Ptolemy, and
others; but, as many of these names have been copied by me from
rough notes of my husband's, I cannot be certain about the editions. I
hope the imperfections of this bibliography will be excused.

ILLUSTRATIONS
A Mosque at Manamah, Bahrein to face p. 3
Theodore Bent Receiving Visitors at the Mounds, Bahrein 24 The
Interior of Sheikh Saba's House at Rufa'a, Bahrein 34 The Castle of the
Sultan of Shibahm at Al Koton 110 The Castle of the Sultan of Makalla
at Shibahm 125 A Sabæan Altar 145 A Gara Forge 247 The Abyss of
Abyssapolis, Dhofar 271 Elba Mountains From Shellal 304
Flute-Players in the Wadi Koukout, Soudan 337 The Plain of Eriosh,
Sokotra 354 Theodore Bent making the Vocabulary at Fereghet 365
Vegetation in Sokotra 379 The Breakwater at Fereghet 383
Dragon's-Blood Trees at Yehazahaz 387 The Haghier Mountains from
Suk 394 Castle at Kanfar 402 Dirgheg 408 Old Na'ab 413 Fadhli at
Shariah, Wadi Reban, with Curious Sandal 418 Village of Mis'hal 421
Plain of Mis'hal and Aòdeli Tribe 425 Fragment of Alabasteroid
Limestone 435 Sabæan Antiquities 436

MAPS
Arabia, showing the Routes of Mr. J. Theodore Bent to face p. xii
Hadramut 70 Dhofar and the Gara-Range 226 Mount Erba and
Surrounding Country 286 Sokotra 342 The Fadhli Country, South

Arabia 400
[Illustration: Map of ARABIA
showing the routes of
M^r. J. THEODORE BENT.
Stanford's Geog.^l Estab.^t, London
London: Smith, Elder & Co.]

SOUTHERN ARABIA
CHAPTER I
MANAMAH AND MOHAREK
The first Arabian journey that we undertook was in 1889, when we
visited the Islands of Bahrein in the Persian Gulf; we were attracted by
stories of mysterious mounds, and we proposed to see what we could
find inside them, hoping, as turned out to be the fact, that we should
discover traces of Phoenician remains.
The search for traces of an old world takes an excavator now and again
into strange corners of the new. Out of the ground he may extract
treasures, or he may not--that is not our point here--out of the
inhabitants and their strange ways he is sure, whether he likes it or not,
to extract a great deal, and it is with this branch of an excavator's life
we are now going to deal.
We thought we were on the track of Phoenician remains and our
interest in our work was like the fingers of an aneroid, subject to
sudden changes, but at the same time we had perpetually around us a